What determines how closely related two species are?

how recently they shared a common ancestor

structural such as camouflage and mimicry.

behavioral such as hunting at night.

functional such as change in body temperature during hibernation.

Identify and describe two ways that scientists can find the age of a fossil.

Relative age dating shows the relative order in which rock layers were deposited. Absolute age dating uses radioactive decay to show exactly how old the fossil is.

Explain what a molecular clock is and identify what scientists can learn about two species by using a molecular clock.

The molecular clock shows what time living species diverged from their common ancestors. Scientists can learn from this that some species are more related than once thought.

List two observations the naturalist Charles Darwin used in the development of his theory of evolution by natural selection.

He observed that there was a relationship between each species and the food they ate. He also observed that species could change by selective breeding and artificial selection.

Predict how environmental change would affect a species that could not adapt to the change.

If a species could not adapt to the environmental change than they would likely go extinct.

Explain the formation of fossil casts and carbon films, and identify the types of organisms that leave each category of fossil behind.

Casts- fossil copies in a rock- shells/ bones Carbon film- compressed for a long time and leaves black brown outline- fish, plant leaves, insects.

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Ch. 7 Study Guide

Question	Answer
Which process forms fossils?	mineralization
The sudden disappearance of a type of fossil in the fossil record is evidence of...	extinction.
Homologous body parts do not always have similar...	functions.
Patterns in the fossil record show that species on Earth...	change over time.
What determines how closely related two species are?	how recently they shared a common ancestor
studying relationships between organisms by comparing their structures	comparative anatomy
studying relationships between organisms by comparing their embryos	embryology
studying relationships between organisms by comparing their genes and proteins	molecular biology
Through natural selection, a helpful ___________ can be lead to an adaptation.	variation
classified as	structural such as camouflage and mimicry.
classified as	behavioral such as hunting at night.
classified as	functional such as change in body temperature during hibernation.
Identify and describe two ways that scientists can find the age of a fossil.	Relative age dating shows the relative order in which rock layers were deposited. Absolute age dating uses radioactive decay to show exactly how old the fossil is.
Explain what a molecular clock is and identify what scientists can learn about two species by using a molecular clock.	The molecular clock shows what time living species diverged from their common ancestors. Scientists can learn from this that some species are more related than once thought.
List two observations the naturalist Charles Darwin used in the development of his theory of evolution by natural selection.	He observed that there was a relationship between each species and the food they ate. He also observed that species could change by selective breeding and artificial selection.
Predict how environmental change would affect a species that could not adapt to the change.	If a species could not adapt to the environmental change than they would likely go extinct.
Explain the formation of fossil casts and carbon films, and identify the types of organisms that leave each category of fossil behind.	Casts- fossil copies in a rock- shells/ bones Carbon film- compressed for a long time and leaves black brown outline- fish, plant leaves, insects.

Created by: Wesley22x

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