Question 1

When the centrifugal force acting on the Prop Governor Flyweights overcomes the tension on the speeder spring, the prop is in what kind of speed condition?

Accepted Answer

Over speed
*When centrifugal force on the flyweights overcomes the speeder spring force, the prop is in over speed.  The governor will increase the blade angle to slow the propeller.

Question 2

Why is a constant-speed counterweight prop normally placed in full HIGH-PITCH position before the engine is stopped?

Accepted Answer

To prevent exposure/corrosion of the pitch changing mechanism
*Allows cylinder to move back & cover/protect the piston. (Hamilton Standard counterweight prop)
*On other types of props without this problem, engine should be shut down in LOW pitch

Question 3

What is the purpose of a 3-way propeller valve?

Accepted Answer

Directs oil from the engine oil system to the propeller cylinder.
*Used in a 2-position hydraulically controlled prop.  Directs oil into the prop cylinder, and drains from the cylinder back into the engine sump.

Question 4

Repairs of aluminum alloy adjustable pitch props are not permitted in which area?

Accepted Answer

Shank

Question 5

Where would you look to find an alternate replacement for a damaged prop on a specific aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Aircraft Specifications/Aircraft TCDS

Question 6

Where could you find the engines that a specific propeller can be installed on?

Accepted Answer

Propeller TCDS

Question 7

What actuates the pilot valve in the governor of a constant-speed propeller?

Accepted Answer

It is actuated by the balance between centrifugal force on the flyweights, and the compression of the speeder spring.

Question 8

Propeller aerodynamic (thrust) imbalance can be largely eliminated by _?

Accepted Answer

Correct blade contouring and angle setting. (Thrust of the blades is unequal)

Question 9

Why is the puller stop screw on a prop governor adjustable?

Accepted Answer

To limit the max engine speed during takeoff
*On a manually-adjusted constant-speed prop governor adjusts the max RPM the gov allows the engine to produce.  It limits how much the speeder spring can compress.

Question 10

Where are the high and low pitch stops located on a Hamilton Standard Constant-Speed (or) 2-position counterweight prop?

Accepted Answer

In the counterweight assembly.
*In some more modern props, could be inside the piston, or externally as part of the pushrod.

Question 11

What is the purpose of using an Arbor while balancing a propeller?

Accepted Answer

It helps support the propeller on the balance knives.

Question 12

14 CFR Part 43, Appendix A lists repairs to deep dents, cuts, scars, nicks etc, and straightening of aluminum blades as (major) or (minor) repairs?

Accepted Answer

Major

Question 13

How does the prop overspeed governor on a turboprop engine decrease prop RPM?

Accepted Answer

The governor pushes oil into prop shaft, to servo piston via oil transfer sleeve (mounted on prop shaft).  Pressure pushes piston fwd, compresses feather spring.  Lever system transfers movement from piston to blade collars.  Pushes blades to low pitch.

Question 14

When lubricating a newly overhauled steel hub prop, you should lubricate the prop (when)?

Accepted Answer

After 1-2 hrs of operation
*Centrifugal loads pack/redistribute grease, could result in a prop imbalance.

Question 15

How is a McCauley prop feathered?

Accepted Answer

Drain the oil out of the prop

Question 16

What is used to polish commutator slip rings?

Accepted Answer

00-Sandpaper

Question 17

When a hydro mechanical prop is manually feathered, oil pressure is moved (In) or (Out) of the propeller cylinder?

Accepted Answer

Governor oil pressure is ported OUT of the prop cylinder.  When prop control is pulled back, port opens in governor which allows prop oil to drain back into the engine.  Counterweights and feathering spring then push blade back into feathering.

Question 18

Define Prop BLADE angle

Accepted Answer

The angle between the chord of the blade, and the rotational plane of the propeller

Question 19

When engine power is increased, the constant-speed propeller will try and do what? (in relation to rpm, blade angle and AOA)

Accepted Answer

The prop governor cause the blade angle to INCREASE in order to MAINTAIN the selected rpm.
With an increase in power, the airspeed may increase, which makes the relative aoa of the blades LOW (in relation to relative wind).

Question 20

What determines oil/grease specifications for lubrication of propellers?

Accepted Answer

Prop Manufacturer’s instructions

Question 21

What is Front Cone bottoming? What does it cause?

Accepted Answer

Condition where the front prop cone contacts the end of the shaft splines.  Prop cannot be fully seated, galling of the cones and cone seats will result.

Question 22

What causes Front Cone Bottoming during prop installation?

Accepted Answer

The front cone contacts the ends of the shaft splines, which keeps front & rear cones from being tightened against the cone seats in the prop hub.  Even if retaining nut is torqued to spec, the prop will not be tight on the cones.

Question 23

The holding coil on a hydro attic prop feathering button switch holds a solenoid relay closed that applies power to the prop _?

Accepted Answer

Feathering pump motor
*The holding coil holds the feather button depressed and the feathering pump operating until the prop is feathered.  Then, oil pressure builds up high enough to open the oil pressure switch in the governor.

Question 24

What methods can be used to straighten a bent aluminum prop (within limits)?
What’s the reference?

Accepted Answer

AC43.13-1A par 55: Cold straightened (only by FAA-Approved repair station)
AC 43.13-1B par 8-73c: “Never straighten a damaged prop”, [may] damage it internally

Question 25

Where are the high & low pitch stops of a Hamilton Standard constant-speed or 2-position counterweight prop located?

Accepted Answer

In the counterweight assembly

Question 26

Constant speed non-feathering props (McCauley, Hartzell etc) without counterweights increase pitch angle using what?

Accepted Answer

Oil Pressure.  Opposes centrifugal twisting forces that pull blades toward low pitch.

Question 27

Primary purpose of a propeller is to change _ into _?

Accepted Answer

Horsepower into Thrust

Question 28

Minor surface damage in a repairable area, but not on leading/trailing edges may be repaired by filing with a _ file.

Accepted Answer

Riffle file (Spoon-like file, removes rough edges and forms a shallow dish-shaped depression with a smooth surface).

Question	Answer
When the centrifugal force acting on the Prop Governor Flyweights overcomes the tension on the speeder spring, the prop is in what kind of speed condition?	Over speed *When centrifugal force on the flyweights overcomes the speeder spring force, the prop is in over speed. The governor will increase the blade angle to slow the propeller.
Why is a constant-speed counterweight prop normally placed in full HIGH-PITCH position before the engine is stopped?	To prevent exposure/corrosion of the pitch changing mechanism Allows cylinder to move back & cover/protect the piston. (Hamilton Standard counterweight prop) On other types of props without this problem, engine should be shut down in LOW pitch
What is the purpose of a 3-way propeller valve?	Directs oil from the engine oil system to the propeller cylinder. *Used in a 2-position hydraulically controlled prop. Directs oil into the prop cylinder, and drains from the cylinder back into the engine sump.
Repairs of aluminum alloy adjustable pitch props are not permitted in which area?	Shank
Where would you look to find an alternate replacement for a damaged prop on a specific aircraft?	Aircraft Specifications/Aircraft TCDS
Where could you find the engines that a specific propeller can be installed on?	Propeller TCDS
What actuates the pilot valve in the governor of a constant-speed propeller?	It is actuated by the balance between centrifugal force on the flyweights, and the compression of the speeder spring.
Propeller aerodynamic (thrust) imbalance can be largely eliminated by _?	Correct blade contouring and angle setting. (Thrust of the blades is unequal)
Why is the puller stop screw on a prop governor adjustable?	To limit the max engine speed during takeoff *On a manually-adjusted constant-speed prop governor adjusts the max RPM the gov allows the engine to produce. It limits how much the speeder spring can compress.
Where are the high and low pitch stops located on a Hamilton Standard Constant-Speed (or) 2-position counterweight prop?	In the counterweight assembly. *In some more modern props, could be inside the piston, or externally as part of the pushrod.
What is the purpose of using an Arbor while balancing a propeller?	It helps support the propeller on the balance knives.
14 CFR Part 43, Appendix A lists repairs to deep dents, cuts, scars, nicks etc, and straightening of aluminum blades as (major) or (minor) repairs?	Major
How does the prop overspeed governor on a turboprop engine decrease prop RPM?	The governor pushes oil into prop shaft, to servo piston via oil transfer sleeve (mounted on prop shaft). Pressure pushes piston fwd, compresses feather spring. Lever system transfers movement from piston to blade collars. Pushes blades to low pitch.
When lubricating a newly overhauled steel hub prop, you should lubricate the prop (when)?	After 1-2 hrs of operation *Centrifugal loads pack/redistribute grease, could result in a prop imbalance.
How is a McCauley prop feathered?	Drain the oil out of the prop
What is used to polish commutator slip rings?	00-Sandpaper
When a hydro mechanical prop is manually feathered, oil pressure is moved (In) or (Out) of the propeller cylinder?	Governor oil pressure is ported OUT of the prop cylinder. When prop control is pulled back, port opens in governor which allows prop oil to drain back into the engine. Counterweights and feathering spring then push blade back into feathering.
Define Prop BLADE angle	The angle between the chord of the blade, and the rotational plane of the propeller
When engine power is increased, the constant-speed propeller will try and do what? (in relation to rpm, blade angle and AOA)	The prop governor cause the blade angle to INCREASE in order to MAINTAIN the selected rpm. With an increase in power, the airspeed may increase, which makes the relative aoa of the blades LOW (in relation to relative wind).
What determines oil/grease specifications for lubrication of propellers?	Prop Manufacturer’s instructions
What is Front Cone bottoming? What does it cause?	Condition where the front prop cone contacts the end of the shaft splines. Prop cannot be fully seated, galling of the cones and cone seats will result.
What causes Front Cone Bottoming during prop installation?	The front cone contacts the ends of the shaft splines, which keeps front & rear cones from being tightened against the cone seats in the prop hub. Even if retaining nut is torqued to spec, the prop will not be tight on the cones.
The holding coil on a hydro attic prop feathering button switch holds a solenoid relay closed that applies power to the prop _?	Feathering pump motor *The holding coil holds the feather button depressed and the feathering pump operating until the prop is feathered. Then, oil pressure builds up high enough to open the oil pressure switch in the governor.
What methods can be used to straighten a bent aluminum prop (within limits)? What’s the reference?	AC43.13-1A par 55: Cold straightened (only by FAA-Approved repair station) AC 43.13-1B par 8-73c: “Never straighten a damaged prop”, [may] damage it internally
Where are the high & low pitch stops of a Hamilton Standard constant-speed or 2-position counterweight prop located?	In the counterweight assembly
Constant speed non-feathering props (McCauley, Hartzell etc) without counterweights increase pitch angle using what?	Oil Pressure. Opposes centrifugal twisting forces that pull blades toward low pitch.
Primary purpose of a propeller is to change _ into _?	Horsepower into Thrust
Minor surface damage in a repairable area, but not on leading/trailing edges may be repaired by filing with a _ file.	Riffle file (Spoon-like file, removes rough edges and forms a shallow dish-shaped depression with a smooth surface).

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Propellers