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Government Test 9
Government Test 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define One-Party System. | Only one political party has the right to form the government. |
| Define Two-Party System. | A system of government in which two political parties compete for control of the government. |
| Define Multi-Party System. | A system of government in which several political parties compete for control of the government. |
| Define Independent. | A politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. |
| Define Third Party. | Any political party in a two-party system besides the two major ones. |
| Define Splinter Party. | A political party formed by members of an existing one whose views or policies differ from those of the majority. |
| Define Ideological Party. | A group of people who are committed to a different cause other than the mainstream political parties. Based on a particular set of beliefs. Most are around for a long time. |
| Define Single-Issue Party. | A political party that campaigns on only one issue. -Most have faded as the major parties adopt their issue. |
| Define Economic Protest Party. | Parties whose members are united by anger over economic hard times and dislike for the major parties. |
| Define Political Party. | An organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. |
| Define Major Party. | A political party that holds substantial influence in a country's politics. |
| Define Minor Party. | A political party that plays a smaller role than a major party in a country's politics and elections. |
| Define Coalition. | A temporary alliance of political parties formed for political purposes. |
| Define Consensus. | A general agreement. |
| Define Split-Ticket Voting. | Vote for candidates of more than one party. |
| Define Straight-Ticket Voting. | The practice of voting for every candidate that a political party has on a general election ballot. |
| Define Party Machine. | The internal organization of a political party, which decides its policies and directs its activities. |
| Define Patronage. | The support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. |
| What are the main functions of political parties? | 1.) Nominating Function. 2.) Informer-Stimulator Function. 3.) Seal of Approval. 4.) Governmental Funciton. 5.) Watchdog. |
| Describe what the nominating function is for a political party. | The major function of parties. -Includes: Caucus, Convention, Primary Elections. -Select and Present Candidates to voters. -Parties are the best device to recruit and choose candidates. -Exclusively a party function. |
| Describe what the Informer-Stimulator function is for a political party. | Informs the public about their candidate. Stimulates interest in their candidate. -Campaigning, talking stands, criticizing the opposition. |
| Describe what the Seal of Approval function is for a political party. | Insure the good performance of candidates. -Make sure candidates are qualified and of good character. -Prompts candidates to be successful or they may suffer in future elections. |
| Describe what the Governmental function is for a political party. | Party members run the government. -They hold offices and pass laws. |
| Describe what the Watchdog function is for a political party. | Watch the conduct of the other party. -Usually the minority party plays watchdog. -Criticizes the conduct of other party. -Promotes competition. |
| What are the reasons for a two-party system? | 1.) Historical Basis. 2.) Tradition. 3.) Electoral System. 4.) American Idealogical Consensus. |
| Why is the historical basis a reason for a two-party system? | America began this way with the debate over the ratification of the Constitution. -Federalists and Anti-Federalists. |
| Why is the tradition a reason for a two-party system? | We are creatures of habit, not likely to change. |
| Why is the the electoral system a reason for a two-party system? | Single member district elections are winner to take all. -They discourage minor parties, really only 2 choice for office (incumbent and candidate with best chance of winning). -Election laws are written to discourage minor parties. |
| Why is the American ideological consensus a reason for a two-party system? | Americans share many of the same basic principles. |
| What is the left of the political spectrum? The right? | Liberals. -Conservatives. |
| Where do most Americans land on the political spectrum? | Somewhere in the middle. |
| What are the types of minor parties? | 1.) Ideological parties. 2.) Single Issue Parties. 3.) Economic Protest Parties 4.) Splinter Parties. |
| Give some examples of ideological parties. How do they reach their goals? | Socialist party, communism, libertarian. -Endorse candidates. |
| Give some examples of single-issue parties. | Free soilers (opposed the spread of slavery), Know Nothings (opposed Irish-Catholic Immigration), Right to Life (opposed to abortion), and Prohibition (opposed to alcohol), |
| Give some examples of an economic protest party. When do they disappear? | Greenback, Populists. -Usually fade away when nation climbs out of the difficult economic period. |
| Give some examples splinter parties. Are they helpful to the larger party? | Bull Moose, Dixiecrats, American Independent Party. -They split their votes with one of the major party so the opposing major party wins the election. |
| What was the Bull Moose Party? | Taft vs. Teddy Roosevelt. Roosevelt formed the Bull Moose Party. |
| What was the first one-party domination? | 1800-1860: The ERa of the Democrats. -Supported by small farmers, debtors, pioneers, and slaveholders. -Won 13/15 presidential elections. -Ended with the election of Abraham Lincoln and Civil War. |
| What was the second one-party domination? | 1860-1932: Era of the Republicans. -Supported by business men and financial interests, Northern Farmers, laborers, and freed African Americans. -Won 14/18 presidential elections. -Ended with the Great Depression and election of FDR. |
| What was the third one-party domination? | 1932-1968: Return of Democrats. -Supported by southerners, small farmers, organized labor, minorities, and big-city political organizations. -Won 7/9 elections. |
| What was is the current party domination? | 1968-Present: New Era of Shared Power. Neither power can dominate. -Usually one party won the presidency while the other controlled Congress. |
| What are the reasons for decline for political parties? | 1.) Drop in # of people willing to identify themselves as Democrat or Republican. 2.) More split-ticket voting. 3.) Changes in technology. 4.) Growth of PAC's. |
| Typical Democrat? | -Less income. -Younger. -Female. -Minorities (in race). -Blue Collar, Unions. -Northeast, Cities. -Catholic. |
| Typical Republican? | -More income. -Gender/Race: None. -Older. -White Collar. -Plain States. -Protestants. |
| What is the difference between a third-party candidate and an independent candidate? | A third party candidate is a member of a political party, they are just not part of one of the major parties. Independents aren’t affiliated with any political party. |
| What sets political parties apart from one another? | Their ideology. |
| What is the political spectrum? | The difference in political views held by the different political parties. -The continuum of social and political beliefs that stretches from conservative on the right, to liberal on the left. |
| On the political spectrum, the __________ Party is considered liberal and the _________ Party is considered conservative. | Democratic. -Republican |
| Liberals generally support... | Government action to change social, political, or economic policies that are believed to be unfair. |
| Conservatives generally support... | Limited government, lower taxes, and traditional social values. |
| True or false: Party members may not always be consistently liberal or conservative in their views. | True. |
| What is the nomination proccess? | The process of naming candidates for elective office. |
| Parties may also... | -Create a "name" for themselves. -Educate voters on the issues and their stance. -Help the electorate. |
| Define the electorate. | The body of people entitled to vote. |
| People appointed to positions in the executive and judicial branches are usually members of the... | President’s party. |
| What's the difference between a political party and an interest group? | -Political parties participate in the government. -Political parties usually address a lot of issues, whereas interest groups usually only support one issue. |
| True or false: Generally, the more parties there are, the larger the role and influence of any particular party. | False. The more political parties there are, the smaller the role and influence of any particular party. |
| True or false: Other parties may exist in a two-party system. | True. However, their influence is typically much smaller. |
| What are the most common party systems? | Multi-Party. |
| What is one of the negatives of a multi-party system? | No stability. |
| When did political parties first start to form? | Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists. |
| What were the first official political parties? | Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans. |
| Members of the Federalist party were supporters of... | Alexander Hamilton. |
| Members of the Democratic-Republican party were led by... | James Madison and Thomas Jefferson. |
| Political parties were also once called ______. | Factions. |
| Define Precinct. | The smallest unit of area for administering elections and local voting. |
| Define Ward. | A voting district made up of several precincts. |
| Each state party is run by a... | Central committee made up of representatives from the party’s county committees. |
| The national party of each major party is headed by a... | National committee of members from its state parties. |
| Benefits of political parties? | -Keeps out extreme or unconventional ideas. -Provide stability. -Help provide a name to make it easier for voters to decide. -No extreme changes in power. |
| Criticism of political parties? | -Can't fulfill all campaign promises. -PAC's prevent politicians from putting citizens at top priority. -Filled with people who only care about themselves. -Bickering between parties. |
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OliviaRoark
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