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Musculoskeletal

GenericBrandPharmacologic CategoryCommon IndicationsEssential KnowledgeEK Cont’d
tizanidine (PO) Zanaflex Alpha2 agonist Spasticity Key side effects: drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness
hydroxychloroquine (PO) Plaquenil Aminoquinolone RA, SLE, malaria KSE: retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea. ON: use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, and neuromuscular effects (i.e. myopathy, palsies, and progessive weakness)
colchicine (PO) Colcrys Antigout agent Gout Key side effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis)
diclofenac (PO) Voltaren NSAID OA, RA, acute pain KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
ibuprofen (PO) * Motrin, Advil NSAID OA, RA, acute pain KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
meloxicam (PO) Mobic NSAID OA, RA, acute pain KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
indomethacin (PO) Indocin NSAID OA, RA, acute pain, gout KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
naproxen (PO) * Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve NSAID OA, RA, acute pain, gout KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
ketorolac (PO, IV) Toradol NSAID Pain KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
celecoxib (PO) Celebrex NSAID, COX-2 selective OA, RA, acute pain KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; flatulence; nausea USBW: may increase the risk of serious (and potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (and potentially fatal) GI —> Adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation USBW (only for keto): indicated for short term use (≤ 5 days) ON: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, HF, and cirrhosis)
diclofenac (topical) * Voltaren Gel NSAID OA Key side effects: pruritus, rash
cyclobenzaprine (PO) Flexeril Skeletal muscle relaxant Muscle spasm KSE: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue ON: use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; CI within 14 days of MAOI inhibitor therapy
baclofen (PO) - - - - Skeletal muscle relaxant Spasticity KSE: drowsiness ON: drug abuse potential (carisoprodol only)
carisoprodol (PO) Soma Skeletal muscle relaxant Muscle spasm KSE: drowsiness ON: drug abuse potential (carisoprodol only)
methocarbamol (PO) Robaxin Skeletal muscle relaxant Muscle spasm KSE: drowsiness ON: drug abuse potential (carisoprodol only)
metaxalone (PO) Skelaxin Skeletal muscle relaxant Muscle spasm KSE: drowsiness ON: drug abuse potential (carisoprodol only)
lidocaine (transdermal *, IV) Transdermal: Lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine Transdermal: topical analgesic IV: antiarrhythmic Transdermal: pain, IV: ventricular arrhythmias KSE (transdermal): dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema KSE (IV): bradycardia ON: patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24-hr period, patch may be cut
allopurinol (PO) Zyloprim Xanthine oxidase Inhibitor Gout KSE: diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia ON: rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations)
succinylcholine (IV) Anectine Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedures KSE: hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) USBW: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease
Created by: Xander635
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