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GI 1

GenericBrandPharmacologic CategoryCommon IndicationsEssential knowledge
dicyclomine (PO) Bentyl Anticholinergic; Antispasmodic IBS Key Side Effects: drowsiness, blurred vision, dizziness Other Notes: Caution in cardiovascular disease, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and hyperthyroidism
lubiprostone (PO) Amitiza Chloride channel activator IBS with constipation, chronic constipation, opioid-induced constipation Key Side Effects: nausea, headache, dyspnea Other Notes: CI in known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction
dexamethasone (PO, IV) DexPak, DoubleDex Corticosteroid Inflammatory diseases, cerebral edema Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
methylprednisolone (PO, IV) Medrol Corticosteroid Inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
prednisolone (PO) Orapred Corticosteroid Inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
prednisone (PO) Deltasone Corticosteroid Inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
hydrocortisone (IV, topical) * Topical: Cortisone,Cortaid IV: Solu-Cortef Corticosteroid Topical: Inflammation, rash PO/IV: Acute illness, adrenal insufficiency Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
metoclopramide (PO, IV) Reglan Dopamine (D2) antagonist Gastroparesis, GERD, nausea, vomiting Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dystonia, akathisia, EPS, QTc prolongation, diarrhea US Boxed Warnings: may cause tardive dyskinesia
prochlorperazine (PO, PR, IM, IV) Compazine Dopamine (D2) antagonist Nausea, vomiting Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, blurred vision, constipation, QTc prolongation US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of death in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis Other Notes: do not administer IV push
ondansetron (PO, IV) Zofran, Zofran ODT Selective serotonin (5-HT3) antagonist Nausea, vomiting Key Side Effects: headache, fatigue, constipation, QTc prolongation
promethazine (PO, IM, IV, PR) Phenergan Histamine (H1) blocker Motion sickness, nausea, vomiting Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, QTc prolongation US Boxed Warnings: potential for fatal respiratory depression in patients < 2 years old; injection can cause peripheral extravasation (preferred parenteral route is IM)
lactulose (PO) Enulose, Constulose Laxative Constipation, hepatic encephalopathy Key Side Effects: abdominal cramps, abdominal distention, diarrhea, flatulence
diphenoxylate and atropine (PO) Lomotil Antidiarrheal Diarrhea Key Side Effects: nausea, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, tachycardia, urinary retention
Created by: Xander635
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