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chapter 13

TermDefinition
somatic cell each have 23 pairs of chromosomes, one comes from the mother and one from the father totaling 46
gamete a sperm or egg, contains 1 set of chromosomes, produces by meiosis
autosome the remaining 22 pairs of chromosomes
sex chromosomes determine the sex of the individual
haploid cell a cell that contains 1 set of chromosomes
diploid cell a cell that has 2 sets of chromosomes
sexual reproduction two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents
asexual reproduction one parent cell produces two identical daughter cells (clones)
synapsis/crossing over, paired homologous chromosomes, seperation of homologs during anaphase I 3 events that occur during meiosis I but not mitosis
crossing over, independant assortment of chromosomes, random fertilization 3 events that contibute to genetic variation
nonsister chromatids exchange DNA segments crossing over
homologous pairs of chromosomes orient randomly at metaphase I of meiosis, there is so many different combonations to randomly assort into independant assortment of chromosomes
any sperm can fuse with any ovum random fertilization
meiosis I (prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis), meiosis II (prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, telophase II) meosis stages
homologous chromosomes seperate; results in two haploid daughter cells with replicated chromosomes meiosis I
sister chromatids separate; results in four haploid daughter cells with unreplicated chromosomes meiosis II
Homologous chromosomes physically connect and exchange genetic information prophase I
there are paired homologous chromosomes metaphase I
it is homologous chromosomes, instead of sister chromatids, that separate anaphase I
Created by: kagreen13
 

 



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