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evolution quiz
its evolution for honors bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was Darwin’s book called? | On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin |
| Know the definition of an allele | A version of a gene that one can receive from their parents. |
| A change in the characteristics of population from one generation to the next, gradual development of organisms from other organisms is called? | Genetic Variation |
| The process of a species becoming better suited to an environment is called? | Adaptation |
| A group of interbreeding organisms that can produce fertile offspring is called? | Species |
| he loss of genetic variation of a population due to the creation of the population from a select few individuals is called? | Founder Effect |
| The change or shift in allele frequency due to random breeding, no selection, only chance is called? | Genetic Drift |
| A form of isolation in which there is an inability of one population to breed with another population is called? | habitat isolation |
| Process in which individuals that are better adapted to life in their environment survive and pass on their traits to offspring is called? | Natural selection |
| What type of isolating mechanism would include two different organisms; the female is attracted to a strong dancer while the male can not dance but rather sing real well? | Behavioral isolation |
| What type of isolating mechanism would include two organisms that their reproductive parts do not match? | Reproductive isolation |
| What type of isolating mechanism would include two different organisms; the female has 24 chromosomes in her eggs while the male has 10 chromosomes in his sperm? | Gametic isolation |
| What type of isolating mechanism would include two different organisms; the female reproduces in the water while the male reproduces on land? | Habitat isolation |
| What type of isolating mechanism would include two different organisms; one mates in the spring and the other mates in the summer? | Temporal isolation |
| James Hutton | Volcanos, earth was millions of years old. Uplit, erosion. |
| Charles Lyell | Student of James Hutton, geologist, uniformitarianism |
| Jean Baptiste de Lamarck | We didn’t evolve from a common ancestor, could change bodies in different ways (legs grow longer, arms grow shorter, etc.) |
| Thomas Malthus | Economist, human populations do not grow because of disease, war, and famine. Made Darwin think more about evolution. |
| How long was Darwin’s voyage? | 5 years |
| What ship did he sail upon? | HMS Beagle |
| What was Darwin’s purpose while he was on the voyage? | Gentleman's Companion |
| What did darwin study? | Darwin studied iguanas, tortoises and finches on the galapagos islands. |
| What causes evolution by natural selection? | The organism with traits that aren’t fit for it to survive in its environment get eaten and the ones that have good traits survive and reproduce and pass on the good traits. |
| Anatomical structures that are similar but have different functions that share a common ancestry are called? | Homologous structure |
| The formation of a new species as a result of evolution is called? | Speciation |
| What term is applied to the type of genetic drift that occurs when a large number of organisms are killed off leaving behind a limited allele frequency? | Bottleneck Effect |
| The accumulation of differences between groups of organisms of the same species is called? | Divergent evolution |
| Change in allele frequencies over time is the precise definition of what term? | Genetic Drift/evolution |
| What are the four principles of natural selection? | Variation, inheritance, selection, time |
| Does natural selection make organisms better or superior in any way? | False/ no |
| What are the two types of migration and differentiate between the two? | Emigration- organisms leaving an ecosystem immigration- organisms into an ecosystem. |
| Be able to identify the different types of vestigial, homologous, and analogous structures. | Homologous structures came from a common ancestor analogous came from different ancestors. Vestigial is when a trait comes from an ancestor but the trait is now differently functioned in the new species. |
| Due to evolution, explain what happened to the pepper moth population during the industrial revolution. | The trees turned black and the speckled moths that could once camouflage with the trees started to get eaten more easily. But, the black moths started to survive better because now they could camouflage with the trees |
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