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Criminal Law - VolMS
Voluntary Manslaughter: Loss of Control and Diminished Responsibility
Question | Answer |
---|---|
LOC statute | Homicide Act 1957 s3 amended by the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 s54 |
DR statute | Homicide Act 1957 s2 amended by the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 s52 |
Test for LOC | Loss of control from a Qualifying trigger. A person of D's sex and age, with a normal degree of tolerance and self-restraint might have reacted in the same/similar way |
LOC qualifying triggers test | either fear of serious violence to self or others (Ward) or things said or done which constitute extremely grave character and give D a justifiable sense of being seriously wronged |
Barriers to LOC | revenge, incitement, sexual infidelity |
Test for DR | Ab of MF from an RMC that substantially impairs D's ability to either understand nature of conduct, form rational judgement, or exercise self control. The condition must explain D's actions through causation rules |
Clinton 2012 | if you have sexual infidelity and something else, it doesn't act as a barrier |
Byrne | Psychopathy is an RMC |
Ahluwalia DR | BWS (battered women syndrome) is an RMC |
Vinaigre | Othello Syndrome is an RMC |
Dawes | no LOC |
Hatter | end of a relationship doesn't constitute grave character and doesn't give D a justifiable sense of being seriously wronged |
Seers | Depression is an RMC |
Dowds DR | Alcohol isnt an RMC |
Dietschmann | must consider if mental condition substantially caused behaviour |
Ward | Example of fear of serious violence to others (pick handle) |
Asmelash LOC | Can't consider alcohol a characteristic as it affects D's capacity for tolerance and self-restraint |
Zebedee | no justifiable sense of being seriously wronged |
Jewell | LOC = "loss of normal powers of reasoning" |
Rejmanski | must disregard PTSD/personality disorder for LOC as it affects D's capacity for tolerance and self-restraint |
Wood | Alcohol Dependency Syndrome is an RMC |
Golds | "substantial" = a more than trivial impact, less than full |
Lambert | Burdon of Proof: D must prove the mental condition in DR |
Ward | LoC - fear of violence to others (brother) - used pick handle |