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Ch. 2 Key Terms

Network Fundamentals / Ch. 2 - The TCP/IP and OSI Networking

TermDefinition
adjacent-layer interaction The general topic of how on one computer, two adjacent layers in a networking architectural model work together, with the lower layer providing services to the higher layer.
decapsulation On a computer that receives data over a network, the process in which the device interprets the lower-layer headers and, when finished with each header, removes the header, revealing the next-higher-layer PDU.
encapsulation The placement of data from a higher-layer protocol behind the header (and in some cases, between a header and trailer) of the next-lower-layer protocol.
frame A data-link header and trailer, plus the data encapsulated between the header and trailer.
networking model A generic term referring to any set of protocols and standards collected into a comprehensive grouping that, when followed by the devices in a network, allows all the devices to communicate. Examples include TCP/IP and OSI.
packet A logical grouping of information that includes the network layer header and encapsulated data, but specifically does not include any headers and trailers below the network layer.
protocol data unit (PDU) An OSI term to refer generically to a grouping of information by a particular layer of the OSI model. More specifically, an LxPDU would imply the data and headers as defined by Layer x.
same-layer interaction When two devices use a protocol to communicate with each other on the same layer. The protocol defined by each layer uses a header that is transmitted between the devices to communicate what each device wants to do.
segment In TCP, a term used to describe a TCP header and its encapsulated data (also called an L4PDU). Also in TCP, the process of accepting a large chunk of data from the application layer and breaking it into smaller pieces that fit into TCP segments.
Created by: k3ntucky
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