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Lecture 25

Anaerobic Glycolysis

QuestionAnswer
The ratio of what molecule determines the fate of pyruvate in the cell? NADH/NAD+
How many electrons do NADH and FADH2 each carry? 2 electrons
What vitamin do we eat to supply our bodies with NAD+? Niacin = Vitamin B3
What vitamin do we eat to supply our bodies with FAD? Riboflavin = Vitamin B2
When converting pyruvate to lactate is 2 NADH or 2 NAD+ generated? 2 NAD+
What happens to the concentration of NADH if oxygen concentration is low? NADH builds up in the cell because it can not donate its protons
What happens to the NAD+ formed when pyruvate is converted lactate? It is used in glycolysis
Which tissues are capable of anaerobic glycolysis and produce lactate? Red blood cells, muscles, liver, brain, and adipose
What is the purpose of making lactate? Reduction of pyruvate to lactate produces 2 NAD+ molecules that are used to keep glycolysis going under anaerobic conditions
What enzyme catalyzes the reaction from pyruvate to lactate? Lactate dehydrogenase
In yeast, is lactate formed from pyruvate? No. Yeast ferments glucose to ethanol and CO2.
In fermentation, does conversion of acetylaldehyde to ethanol produce 2 NAD+ or 2 NADH? 2 NAD+
In fermentation, what happens to the 2 NAD+ generated during the production of ethanol? Reduction of acetylaldehyde to ethanol produces 2 NAD+ molecules that are used to keep glycolysis going under anaerobic conditions
Can amino acids be used for energy in the absence of oxygen? No. Amino acids are ultimately converted to Acetyl-CoA, which can not be used in the krebs cycle in anaerobic conditions
Can fatty acids be used for energy in the absence of oxygen? No. Fatty acids are converted to Acetyl-CoA which can't be used in the krebs cycle in anaerobic conditions
Which tissues can use the lactate taken up from the blood as a carbon source in aerobic conditions? Muscle, liver, brain, and red blood cells
Draw lactic acid CH3-OH-CH-COOH
What happens to the pH of the surrounding solution if lactic acid is increased? pH decreases: the solution ibecomes more acidic
Is PFK-1 positively or negatively regulated by low pH? PFK-1 is negatively regulated by high H+(low pH)
Created by: bettyboucher
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