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Pharm- ch. 3

Biopharmaceuticals & Pharmacokinetics

QuestionAnswer
Which dosage form is generally absorbed fastest, and which is absorbed slowest? Fastest: Solutions Slowest: enteric-coated tablets
What are three factors that affect drug distribution throughout the body? Cardiac output, regional blood flow, drug reservoirs
What are three primary means of drug elimination? Kidneys, intestines, respiratory system
Define lipophilicity an affinity (attraction) for fat
What are at least four factors controlling the rate and extent of drug absorption? Nature of absorbing surface through which drug must go; blood flow to site of administration; solubility of drug; pH; drug concentration; and dosage form
What are the differences and similarities between drug absorption via passive diffusion and drug absorption via active transport? Passive diffusion: random movement of a substance from a region of high to low concentration until equilibrium Active transport: conducted by carriers that carry drug molecules through the membrane where they are released
The ______ and the _____ are two drug distribution barriers the body has that are made of biologic membranes. blood-brain barrier; placental barrier
What is another name for metabolism? biotransformation
What is the area of pharmacology that focuses on the method for achieving effective drug administration? biopharmaceutics
_______ includes the processes of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated throughout the body. pharmacokinetics
The most common way drugs traverse cellular membranes is ______. passive diffusion
____ can move a drug from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration. active transport
Medications must go through disintegration and ____ in order to be absorbed across a cell membrane dissolution
Lozenges or pastilles; topical oral antifungals Troches
Less expensive to manufacture than sugar coating Film-coated tablets
Subject to chemical degradation from the environment compressed tablets
Hard or soft gelatin encloses the active ingredient Capsules
Mask taste and protect active ingredients from chemical oxidation Sugar-coated tablets
Release medicinal agent on contact with mucosa and melting compressed suppositories
Injection under or through one or more layers of skin or mucous membrane Parenteral dosage forms
What is the term for the substance into which a drug is compounded for initial delivery into the body? a. Drug dose b. Drug vehicle c. Drug suspension d. Drug filler b. drug vehicle
How are drugs eliminated from the body? a. metabolism b. ionization c. excretion d. both a and c d. a and c
What is the term for the most common means by which drugs traverse cell membranes? a. active transport b. passive diffusion c. lipophilicity d. cellular absorption b. passive diffusion
What is the general term for lozenges or pastilles? a. capsules b. tablets c. troches d. inserts c. troches
What is the term for the process of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated in the body? a. pharmacodynamics b. biopharmaceutics c. pharmacokinetics d. cellular diffusion c. pharmacokinetics
Which of the following dosage forms is designed to mask taste, allow for easy swallowing, and contribute to controlled release of the drug? a. troches b. tablets c. pastilles d. capsules d. capsules
Which of the following drug dosage forms consists of two immiscible liquids? a. solution b. emulsion c. suspension d. parenteral b. emulsion
Which of the following drug dosage forms is a mixture of solid, liquid, or gas dissolved in another liquid? a. solution b. emulsion c. suspension d. parenteral a. solution
release active ingredients into the small intestine enteric-coated tablets
Created by: Gabipattie
 

 



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