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apush vocab #1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| paxton boys (1764) | armed march on philadelphia by scots-irish frontiersmen in protest against the quaker establishment's lenient policies toward native americans |
| regulator movement | eventually violent uprising of backcountry settlers in north carolina against unfair taxation and control ot colonial affairs by the seaboard elite |
| new york slave revolt (1712) | uprising of approximately two dozen slaves that resulted in the deaths of nine whites and the brutal execution of twenty-one participating blacks |
| stono rebellion (1739) | uprising of more than 50 south carolina blacks along the stono river; slaves attempted to reach spanish florida but were stopped by the south carolina militia |
| triangular trade | exchange of rum, slaves, and molasses between the north american colonies, africa, and the west indies. a small but immensely profitable subset of the atlantic trade |
| molasses act (1737) | tax on imported molasses passed by parliament in an effot to squelch the nort american trade with the french west indies; ir proved largely ineffective due to widespread smuggling |
| arminianism | belief that salvation is offered to all humans but its conditional on acceptance of god's grace; different from calvinism, which emphasized predestination and unconditional election |
| great awakening | religious revival that sweot the colonies; participating ministries, most notably jonathon edwards and george whitefield, placed an emphasis in direct emotive spirituality |
| "old" lights | orthodox clergymen who rejected the emotionalism of the great awakening in favor of more rational spirituality |
| "new" lights | ministers who took part in the revivalist, emotive religious tradition pioneered by george whitefield during the great awakening |
| poor richard's almanack | widely read annual pamphlet edited by benjamin franklin; best known for its proverbs and aphorisms emphasizing thrift, industry, morality, and common sense |
| zenger trial | new york libel case against john peter zenger; established the principle that truthful statements about public officials could not be prosecuted as libel |
| royal colonies | colonies where the governors were appointed directly by the king; though often competent administrators, the governors frequently ran into trouble with colonial legislatures, which represented the imposition of control from across the atlantic |
| proprietary colonies | colonies- maryland, pennsylvania, and delaware- under the control of local proprietors, who appointed colonial governors |
| jacobus arminius | dutch theologian who rejected predestination, preaching that salvation could be attained through the acceptance of god's grace and was open to all, not just the elect |
| jonathon edwards | new england minister whose fiery sermons helped tough off the first great awakening; edwards emphasized human helplessness and depravity and touted that salvation could be attained through god's grace alone |
| george whitefield | english preacher whose rousing sermons drew vast audiences and conversion in the first great awakening; whitefield's emotionalism distinguished him from traditional, "old light," ministers who embraced a more reasoned, stoic approach to religious practice |
| john trumball | connecticut-born painter who traveled to england to pursue his artistic ambitions; best known for his depictions of key events in the american revolution |
| john singleton copley | massachusetts-born artist known for his portraits of prominent colonial americans;spent the rest of his life in london, painting portraits of british aristocrats and depicting scenes from english history |
| phillis wheatley | african american poet who overcame the barriers of slavery to publish two collections of her poems; as a young girl, she lived in boston, she was later taken to england, where she found a publisher willing to distribute her work |
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