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MAS 141
History (olmec, teotihuacan, maya, toltec, chichimeca,)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. T/F Scientists have proposed that American Indians migrated from Africa to the Americas 10,000 years ago. | False |
| 2. T/F Science has revealed that through the practice of gathering plant domestication occurred as early as 10,000 B.C. | True |
| 3. The late Ice Age is known scientifically as the ____________. | Pleistocene |
| 4. Academics have described the leaders of hunting and gathering bands and tribes as “____________”. | Big Men |
| 5. T/F Contrary to what modern feminists contend, women in late Paleolithic societies played inferior roles in the culture of bands and tribes. | False |
| 6. The Spanish friar __________________ had speculated that Native Americans descended from East Asia. | Joseph De Acosta |
| 7. The science of ________________ reveals conclusively that East Asians and Native Americans are very related. | Genetics |
| 8. Research has proven conclusively that _____________ were early religious leaders. | Shamen |
| 9. T/F The early religion of Native Americans is also explained by animistic beliefs. | True |
| 10. The period of the warming of the earth is the ___________. | Holocene |
| 11. T/F Science has revealed that the majority of mega fauna in the Americas were hunted to extinction by late Paleolithic peoples. | True |
| 12. T/F Early nomadic American societies worshiped their ancestors and connected with nature as is evident through their Cave Art. | True |
| 13. T/F American Indians domesticated maize from teosinte and other wild maize forms of corn. | True |
| 14. T/F It is likely that men had the double burden of hunting and gathering and are therefore also responsible for the domestication of plants and agriculture. | False |
| 15. T/F Olmec culture first developed on the Pacific coast of Mesoamerica in the modern state of Oaxaca. | False |
| 16. T/F The Olmec people left behind colossal heads, which likely represented their dynastic rulers. | True |
| 17. It has been shown that in the Olmec city state of ________________ kings cooperated with one another and shared rule. | La Venta |
| 18. T/F It has been shown conclusively that shared power was a failed political experiment and Olmec societies collapsed rapidly with shared governance. | False |
| 19. T/F In the Nahuatl language, Olmec means “land of the jaguar”. | False |
| 20. T/F In “Mesoamerican Civilization” Toby Evans and Webster state that the Olmec “Mother Culture” theory must be reconsidered by scholars of ancient Mexico. | False |
| 21. T/F Teotihuacan translates to “City of the Gods”. | True |
| 22. Toby Evans and Webster have demonstrated that Teotihuacan was also a ____________ culture due to the pictographs found in temples and artifacts. | civilized |
| 23. The fact that the god ______________ was venerated in various regions of ancient Mexico is evidence of intense contact in Mesoamerica before the coming of Europeans. | Quetzacoatl |
| 24. The discovery of slain _________________ inside the pyramid of the Sun shows that human sacrifice was common in Teotihuacan. | sacrifice victims |
| 25. We can observe the preservation of Olmec culture in Teotihuacan by the depictions of Quetzalcoatl and the rain god __________ in their temples. | Tlaloc |
| 26. Climate change, political infighting, and ______________ are largely responsible for the downfall of Teotihuacan in 550 A.D. | famine or agricultural decline |
| 27. T/F Ce Acatl Topiltzin was a great king of the Teotihuacanos. | False |
| 28. Teotihuacan had grown powerful through the collection of tribute and taxation, and collected wealth was ______________. | redistributed among the population |
| 29. While American and European anthropologists even speculated that the Olmec culture was created by extraterrestrials, they also proposed that Teotihuacan was built by ancient ___________ which would link the culture to Africa and Greece. | Egyptians |
| 30. T/F Maya society had a greater tendency to broker for peace and negotiate rule as opposed to Teotihuacan and the Olmec. | True |
| 31. The merging of Teotihuacan and _________ shows a hybrid culture of central Mexican and highland Maya culture. | Tikal |
| 32. The Maya relied on _________________ agriculture which was very damaging to soils. | slash and burn |
| 33. T/F It is possible that the Maya city-states collectively had a human population of 20-25 million people. | True |
| 34. T/F In the “Popol Vuh” gods created animals accidentally, but they were trying to create humans. | True |
| 35. T/F Sir Eric Thompson discovered that the Maya people had forgotten much of their ancestral religions. | True |
| 36. In “The Meaning of Maize” Thompson explains that even after four centuries of colonization Maya people refer to maize in a reverential manner as ______________. | a symbol of life and a piece of them. |
| 37. T/F The “Popol Vuh '' tells of the goddess Xmucame who grinded maize several times to create the grease that became human fat. | False |
| 38. The frescoes of the Maya city-state of ______________ show the danger of failed negotiation and the fall and the rise of Maya leaders. | Bonampak |
| 39. T/F The capital of Teotihuacan was larger than the imperial capitals of Han China and Rome. | True |
| 40. T/F Environmental conditions played a small role in the collapse of the Maya and Teotihuacan because conflict was always political in nature. | True or False |
| 41. T/F Lord of the Olmec, Ce Acatl Topiltzin outlawed human heart sacrifice in the central Mexican kingdom of Tollan. | False |
| 42. The early Aztec-Mexica people can be best characterized as all but one of the following: a) nomadic b) wandering c) imperialistic d) slaves e) illiterate | c) slaves |
| 43. T/F According to “The Origins of the Aztecs” for more than three centuries the Aztecs lived under the Chichimeca in their wandering years. | True |
| 44. T/F The Fifth Sun would bring the Aztec people a great time of victory. | False |
| 45. T/F Under Tlacaelel, Aztec warriors collaborated to provide the empire and Sun god with many sacrificial war victims. | True |
| 46. The Jaguar was very important to the Olmec people because it represented_________________. | bravery, agility, strength, and power or authority |
| 47. We know that the Mayas were expert mathematicians and astronomers because they___________. (List 3 pieces of evidence) | - created an economic system using trade and currency - had a calendar system - documented history, economy and cosmology knowing that the sun was the center of the universe |
| 48. Teotihuacán fell due to_____________; however, we know that the Toltec people collapsed due to_________________. | environment and infighting; being conquered by the chichimeca |
| 49. The process by which an extraordinary ruler such as Ce Acatl Topiltzin is remembered as a god (Quetzalcoátl) by later generations is known as _____________________. | Nahualism |
Created by:
mishalombrozo5