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Ch 2 Early People VH

Chapter 2 Lesson 1, 2 and 3

QuestionAnswer
Why did early people live and work in groups? By living and working in groups, early people could meet their basic needs faster and easier than working alone.
Describe how people in larger bands learned to specialize. People of larger bands learned that when people do tasks they are skilled at, rather than randomly assigning them, tasks got done quicker and easier.
What tools did hunters and gatherers create to make their lives easier? They created spears for hunting, needles for sewing, hooks for fishing, and clothing out of animal skins.
Why did bands of hunters and gatherers develop different languages and cultures? Bands were about the size of 30 people. These bands were not united and did not necessarily know of each other. So, they did not know of other languages being developed. They just knew their own.
What is a descendant? your children's children. The people of the future.
What is a band of hunters and gatherers? A band is the name for the group they traveled in. Typically, bands were about 30 members, mostly related to eachother.
What is an artifact? objects made and used by people. We usually talk about artifacts when we are talking about different cultures and their artifacts.
What does domesticate mean? taming wild animals for human use
What is livestock? refers to the domesticated animals that will be used as a resource for humans
What is a nomad? A person who herds animals and travels with them to find more food for them, like a grass area. They have no settled home
How did early people go from food collectors to food producers? They learned they could plant seeds to grow more plants. They also learned they could herd animals for meat and keep them instead of hunting them.
How are the terms livestock and agriculture related? Raising livestock is a form of agriculture. Agriculture is farming and/or herding and raising livestock.
What kinds of technology did early people use to farm? They invented the plow out of branches. They pushed the plow along a field to even it out and get it ready for farming.
What is obsidian? black, volcanic rock that is used to make tools. It can be sharpened, and it was very valuable.
What is an oasis? a place in the desert that has a dependable source of water. People can live and farm permanently in oasis'.
Why did many farming civilizations develop in the southwestern part of Asia? This was the Fertile Crescent, and the land was perfect for farming and raising livestock.
What did early farmers do with extra food that they grew? They traded it away for other goods, such as obsidian.
What is the difference between an import and an export when we are talking about trading? When you are trading with another village or city, the export is the good you are sending out, and the import is what you are getting in return. (Think coming IN, and going OUT)
What is a city-state? A city AND also the surrounding areas, including small villages and farms. Everyone would be under the same laws.
Why was Mesopotamia considered a complex society? The area had a reliable food source, established laws, customs, and job specialization.
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