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ITECH Ch 14
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Agile Software Development | Developing work continually and iteratively, with a goal of more frequent product rollouts and constant improvement across smaller components of the larger project |
Application Programming Interface (API) | Programming hooks, or guidelines, published by firms that tell other programs how to get a service to perform a task such as send or receive data |
Applications | Desktop applications, enterprise software, utilities, and other programs that perform specific tasks for users and organizations |
Application Server | Software that houses business logic for use by multiple applications. Used by more advanced distributed environments. |
Business Intelligence systems (BI) | Systems that use data created by other systems to provide reporting and analysis for organizational decision-making |
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) | A process-improvement approach that can assist in assessing the maturity, quality, and development of certain organizational business processes, and suggest steps for their improvement |
Client | Software program that makes requests of a server program |
Computing hardware | Physical components of information technology, which includes the computer |
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) | Systems used to support customer-related sales and marketing activities |
Database Management System (DBMS) | Software for creating, maintaining, and manipulating data |
Desktop software | Applications installed on a personal computer, typically supporting tasks performed by a single user |
Distributed computing | A form of computing where systems in different locations communicate and collaborate to complete a task |
Electronic data interchange (EDI) | Set of standards for exchanging messages containing formatted data between computer applications |
Embedded systems | Special-purpose software designed and included inside physical products |
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) | Software package that integrates the many functions of a business including: Sales, Inventory, Manufacturing, Purchasing, HR, and Order Tracking |
Enterprise software | Applications that address the needs of multiple users throughout an organization or work group |
Extensible markup language (XML) | Tagging language that can be used to identify data fields made available for use by other applications |
Feature creep | Expansion of the scope of a software project beyond what was determined at the start |
Firmware | Software stored on nonvolatile memory chips |
Integrated development environment (IDE) | An application that includes an editor (a sort of programmer's word processor), debugger, and compiler, among other tools |
JavaScript object notation (JSON) | A popular data interchange format and s a technology standard often used to format data when being sent or received via APIs |
Operating system | Software that controls the computer hardware and establishes standards for developing and executing applications |
Platform | Products and services that allow for the development and integration of software products and other complementary goods |
Programming language | Provides the standards, syntax, statements, and instructions for writing computer software |
Scripting language | Programming tool that executes within an application |
Scrum | Approach to organizing and managing agile projects that breaks deliverables into "sprints" delivered in one to six week increments by teams of less than ten. Defines functions as roles, artifacts, and ceremonies. |
Server | In the software conext, a program that fulfills the requests of a client |
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) | Set of Web services built around an organization's processes and procedures |
Software | Computer program or collection of programs |
Software package | Software product offered commercially by a third party |
Supply chain management (SCM) | Systems that can help a firm manage aspects of its value chain through delivery of finished products and services at the point of consumption |
Total cost of ownership | All of the costs associated with the design, development, testing, implementation, documentation, training, and maintenance of a software system |
User interface (UI) | Mechanism through which users interact with a computing device |
Waterfall software development | Relatively linear sequential approach to software development. Benefits include surfacing requirements up front and creating a blueprint to follow throughout a project |
Web services | Small pieces of code that are accessed via the application server that permit interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network |