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immunology/serology
clin lab 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two major internal defense systems | INNATE, ADAPTIVE |
| what is innate also called | non-specific immune system |
| what is the adaptive also called | specific immune system and acquired immunity |
| what does the innate system fight against | bacteria, viruses, fungus |
| what are the barriers of the innate immune system | skin,physical and chemical parts of the nasopharynx, gut, lungs, genitourinary |
| signs of inflammation include | pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function |
| in the blood they are called monocytes, but when they migrate to various tissues and organs, they become what? | MACROPHAGES |
| What are natural killer cells (NK) | lymphocytes found in the blood and peripheral lymphoid organs. |
| Interferons are what | cytokines |
| Adaptive immune system is divided in to 2 parts what are they | humoral immune system and cell-mediated immune system |
| The adaptive immune system has the ability to respond specifically to what | foreign substances |
| what type of wbc are largely responsible for the adaptive immune system | lymphocytes |
| what does APC stand for | antigen presenting cells |
| B-lymphocytes mature in whatq | bone marrow |
| t-lymphocytes mature in the what | thymus |
| immunoglobulin molecules are also know as what | antibodies |
| specialized T-Lymphocytes are called what | Helper T-Cells |
| The humoral immune system can recognize how many different antigens | billions |
| How many antibodies are there | 5 |
| list the antibodies | IgM, IgG, IgE, IgA, IgD |
| This antibody is the first produced in response to an antigen, and compromises approx. 5% of circulation immunoglobulin. | IgM |
| This antibody is the most abundant, compromises 75% of circulating immunoglobulin and remains in circulation the longest | IgG |
| this antibody is present in very small amounts, functions in immediate hypersensitivity reactions | IgE |
| This antibody compromises approx. 20% of circulating immunoglobulin, functions in mucosal immunity, protection of respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital tracts | IgA |
| This antibody when present is very low abundance, funtion is B-lymphocyte surface antigen receptor in some species | IgD |
| True or FalseA neutralization antibody reaction occurs when antibody binds directly with the antigen | TRUE |
| Do anitbodies coat microbes | YES |
| What are the 2 types of T-effector cells | Helper T Cells/lymphocytes (CD4+) and Cytolytic/lymphocytes (CD8+) |
| Helper T cells are effected by which virus in humans | HIV/AIDS |
| Animals immune system does not what to its own cells | destroy |
| Does the immune system discriminate between self and non-self which results in immunologic tolerance | YES |
| True or False SOme immune responses have an adverse effect on the host animal | TRUE |
| How many types of hypersensitivity diseases | 4 |
| Which type of hypersensitivity dz causes and immediate hypersensitivity that occurs when chemical mediators from mast cells are released | Type I |
| Which type is where the anitibodies are directied against the animal's own cells | Type II |
| Which type is and Immune Complex Disease | Type III |
| Which type is a T-cell Mediated disease | Type IV |
| what is it called when animals become passively resistant to dz by receiving maternal antibodies in the colostrum or by recieving preformed antibodies by injection | Passive Immunity |
| What is accomplished by injecting a suspension of microorganisms into an animal to elicit an antibody response, but not causing the dz | Immunization |
| What does attenuated mean | weaken |
| what does inactivated mean | killed microorganisms |
| What is added to a vaccine to enhance the normal immune response | adjuvant |
| Do killed vaccines require more or less adjuvant | more adjuvant |
| The science of detection and measurement of antibodies or antigens is called what | Serology |
| How many canine blood groups are there | 12 |
| How many feline blood groups are there | 1 |
| what is a feline blood group desingnated by | the AB system (a,b,ab) |
| The majority of cats have what group | A |
| When does group B in feline present itself | in purebred cats |
| Few cats have what group type | AB |
| How many blood groups are in cattle | 11 A,B,C,F,J,L,M,R,S,T,and Z |
| Group B in cattle have how many different antigens | 60 |
| How many blood groups in sheep | 7 A,B,C,D,M,R,and X |
| How many blood groups are in goats | 5 A,B,C,M,and J |
| How many blood groups in horses that are identified in 8 major blood group systems | 30 A,C,D,K,P,Q,T and U |
| Crossmatching should be done before the first transfusion because reactions are commonly what | fatal |
| What type of blood sample do you need to do a major crossmatch | serum and whole blood sample |
| What type of blood samples do you need to do a minor crossmatch | serum and whole blood sample |
| Whole blood should not be used when what is specified on collecting samples for serologic testing | serum or plasma |
| What color tube is used when serum is required and what color tube is used when plasma is required | red serum and purple for plasma |
| Serum should be shipped warm or cold | cold |
Created by:
scoobysnax
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