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ENG 248
Midterm I
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Vernacular | refers to the church songs, blues, ballads, sermons, stories, and hip-hop songs that are part of the oral, not primarily the written down, tradition of black expression |
| Vernacular Themes | Loss, Suffering, Struggle, Bondage vs. Freedom, Endurance, Perseverance, the boast |
| Bars Fight by Lucy Terry | a ballad describing an Indian ambush on two white families |
| Ballad | a poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas. Typically of unknown authorship, having been passed on orally from one generation to the next |
| Vernacular Theme of Bars Fight | The last two stanzas are emphasized as they don't follow the rhyme scheme; perhaps it's a call to action to escape to Canada for freedom |
| On Being Brought from Africa to America by Phillis Wheatley | The author argues that one's skin color isn't a barrier to being spiritually saved. By doing so, perhaps they invite their white readers to question whether one's skin color should bar African Americans from rising on the social and political scale |
| Neoclassical Style | formality, cataloging of gods/goddesses, heroic couplets |
| White Savior Syndrome | an ideology that a White person acts upon from a position of superiority to rescue a BIPOC—Black, Indigenous, or person of color—community or person. |
| Vernacular Theme of OBBFATA | The author implies that the salvation they were given, she wasn't looking for; this shows resistance. She was brought to America with no choice or agency; this shows the hypocrisy in the Christian message |
| To His Excellency, George Washington by Phillis Wheatley | a poem about the Revolutionary War, praising Washington for his bravery and leadership |
| Vernacular Theme of THEGW | The author plays a humble card so as not to be seen as a threat (humble brag); America is for freedom and so am I, even though Wheatley is enslaved. Bondage vs. Freedom |
| Fugitive Slave Narrative | usually, the narrator portrayed slavery as a condition of extreme physical, intellectual, emotional, and spiritual deprivation. Freedom was signaled not simply by reaching the free states, but by renaming and dedicating oneself to antislavery activism |
| The Narrative Template | Begins with bondage in the South, suffering recounted (catalog of deprivation), low point or depth of despair (prompting thoughts of freedom), the leap for freedom, freedom is realized in the North, renaming themselves and/or helping others |
| Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass | tone of this is aggressive; the physical elements of his story as to physically escaping and defiance; the use of ethos is meant to invoke emotions and outrage about slavery |
| Incidents of a Slave Girl by Harriet Jacobs | the tone of this is ashamed, a victim, sentimental, dwells on what happened and pays tribute to people along the way; provides the reader with the perspective of the female slave experience |
| Sentimental Literacy | a literacy technique that engages with pathos (emotion) to help further/drive the narrative (sometimes at the expense of character development) |
| The Living Ancestor | an age, age-like figure who provides rootedness and guidance |
| The Lessons Learned in IOASG | the importance of family, roots, sacrifice |
| The Cult of True Womanhood | the ideal of how a true woman should compose herself; submissive, domestic (home), pure (white) |
| The Goophered Grapevine by Charles Chesnutt | tells the history of a ruined North Carolina plantation as told to an unnamed narrator by a man named Julius |
| Realism | the attitude or practice of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it according; the quality or fact of representing a person, thinking, or situation accurately or in a way that is true to life |
| Local Color Writing | the customs, manners of speech, dress, or other features of a place or period that contributes to its particular character |
| Plantation Tradition | the romanticization of the old south and antebellum times |
| Elements to Perpetuate the Myth of the Old South | The glorious plantation, the benevolent, all-powerful, all-knowing master, the classic southern belle, the "happy slave", slavery's "good old days" and a life of leisure, "Uncle and auntie" |
| Antebellum Sermon by Paul Dunbar | this sermon is a sermon of comfort for the congregation; "we'll praise the Lord the day he sets us all free; says this in a biblical context, but only slaves will know that he means set free in a literal sense |
| Indirection | wordplay directing attention to the connotative and is accessible primarily to those sharing culture and/or communal values |
| We Wear the Mask by Paul Dunbar | shows the strength of the African American Community; we won't let them see us cry. Putting on the facade/mask that everything is okay even when it's not |
| The New Negro | people in this community remaking themselves. Now that you are no longer held captive by slavery, you either let it go or use it in a productive way by embracing it and making it into something workable. Race pride, history, heritage, and achievement |
| Populism | writing about common life and people |
| The Negro Speaks of Rivers by Langston Hughes | all about uplifting the black history of civilization; black people have always been here and built society using rivers as a metaphor to symbolize being rapid and powerful. |
| Mother to Son by Langston Hughes | poem about perseverance even though life is hard; juxtaposition of a crystal staircase to a crumbly one with splinters |
| I, Too by Langston Hughes | acknowledges the historically poor treatment of black people; but there's an optimism to it that one day white people will feel ashamed by their actions; a defiant tone |
| Harlem (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes | everyone's experiences and dreams are different; makes the reader question how it makes them feel to be left out. People should feel free to carry out their dreams and that the lack of ability to do so is bad |
| The Gilded Six-Bits by Zora Neale Hurston | the story of a black couple and the trials they go to as a new, rich man moves into town |
| Themes of the Gilded Six-Bits | All Praise: praising a propagated system made by white people; Betrayal: the betrayal of a system, worshiping the system at the cost of a relationship, it's about valuing the wrong thing, Value: all avenues lead to money and corruption |
Created by:
serenakellie