click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
moral dev
lawrence kohlberg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lawrence' kohlberg's theory | stages of moral development |
| lawrence kholberg nationality | americam |
| Earliest period of moral development in which children’s decision is mainly influenced by the consequences of not following the rules and by the expectations of adults. | PRECONVENTIONAL MORALITY |
| The earliest stages of moral development, obedience and punishment are especially common in young children, but adults are also capable of expressing this type of reasoning. | STAGE 1 (OBEDIENCE AND PUNISHMENT) |
| Obeying the rules is important because it is a way to avoid punishment. | STAGE 1 (OBEDIENCE AND PUNISHMENT) |
| Behavior is determined again by consequences. The individual focuses on receiving rewards or satisfying personal needs. | STAGE 2 (INDIVIDUALISM AND EXCHANGE) |
| Actions are seen in terms of rewards rather than moral value | STAGE 2 (INDIVIDUALISM AND EXCHANGE) |
| Marked by conforming to the standards and social rules in accordance with what is good and moral. | LEVEL 2: CONVENTIONAL MORALITY |
| Referred to as the good-boy-good-girl orientation Focused on living up to social expectations and roles | STAGE 3 (DEVELOPING GOOD AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS) |
| People consider society as a whole when making judgments | STAGE 4 ( MAINTAINING SOCIAL ORDER) |
| Focused on maintaining law and order by following the rules, one’s duty, and respecting authority. | STAGE 4 ( MAINTAINING SOCIAL ORDER) |
| This is the level in which the moral development is mainly characterized by a person’s understanding of universal ethical principle. Furthermore, people decide based on what they think is right rather than just following the rules. | LEVEL 3: POSTCONVENTIONAL MORALITY |
| Individual rights determine behavior. Rules are seen as social agreements that can be changed when necessary. | STAGE 5 (SOCIAL CONTRACT AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS) |
| When laws are not consistent with individual rights and the interests of the majority, they do not bring about good for people and alternatives should be considered. | STAGE 5 (SOCIAL CONTRACT AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS) |
| According to Kohlberg, this is the highest stage of functioning. At this stage, the appropriate action is determined by one’s self-chosen ethical principles of conscience | STAGE 6 (UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES |
| People have developed their own set of moral guidelines and reasoning based on universal ethical principles and justice. Kohlberg claimed that some individuals will never reach this level. | STAGE 6 (UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES |
| stages under level 1 | obedience and punishment, individualism and exchange |
| stages under level 2 | developing good and interpersonal relationship, maintINING SOCIAL ORDER |
| stages under level 3 | SOCIAL CONTRACT AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS) UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES |