Why are funguslike protists important to ecosystems?

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protist,fungi,plants

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Question	Answer
Protists are ___cellular ___karyotes	UNIcellular EUkaryotes
A protist is not a __, ___, ___ or ___.	Plant, Animal, Fungus, or Prokaryote
Why are funguslike protists important to ecosystems?	They are important in developing/adding nutrients to topsoil.
What type of protist produces much of the Earth's oxygen through photosynthesis?	Algae
An amoeba moves by using cytoplasmic projections called ______. They store food in small cavities called food _____.	pseudopods; vacuoles
an animal like protist with cilia used for feeding and movement	paramecium
Malaria is caused by	a sporosoan called plasmodium
Malaria is carried by the female ______	mosquito: anopheles
Amebic dysentery is caused by an amoeba called ________; and is spread by ______.	Entamoeba; drinking water
The African Sleeping Sickness is caused by a zoofllagellate called ______. It is spread by the bite of the ______.	Trypanosome; Tsete fly
A plantlike protist that has animal like characteristics but has chloroplasts and flagella	Euglenophytes
Fungi digest food outside their bodies and grow on their food source?	TRUE
Fungi have a cell wall like a plant.	TRUE
Fungi carry out photosynthesis and have stems?	FALSE
The tangled mass that makes up the body of a fungus	Mycelium
The reproductive part of a mushroom	the Fruiting-Body
Common Molds grow on ____ and have a _____, ____ appearance.	bread; dark, fuzzy
Mushrooms are called	CLUB fungi
Thrush can be caused by	the yeast CANDIDA
thrush can occer when the use of _____ disrupts the normal balance of bacteria and yeasts in the body.	antibiotics
An important role of fungi in an ecosystem is the breaking down of dead organisms and the _____ of nutrients.	recycling
Organisms that obtain food from decaying organic matter are called	saprobes
the relationship between lichen and an algae or cyanobacteria	a symbiotic relationship where the photosynthetic organism provides energy and the fungus provides water and minerals
plants are eukaryotic and have cell walls, and are _____cellular.	MULTIcellular
All plants produce seeds?	FALSE
Plants develop adaptations to conserve ______.	water
Bryophytes are ______ plants, meaning there is no specialized tissues to conduct water and nutrients.	nonvascular
water is drawn up by _____ in nonvascular plants.	osmosis
EXamples of Bryophytes:	moss; liverwort
A fern or a club moss are vascular plants WITHOUT ____. Their leaves are called ______.	seeds; fronds
The gametophyte of gymnosperms are found inside reproductive structures called ____.	cones
the xylem conducts	water
the phloem conducts	food
_____ cells control the opening and closing of the stomata	guard cells
in angiosperms, reproduction takes place in the ______.	flower
germination is the _____ ____ stage of a plant embryo	early growth
plants growing toward the light is called ______ _______.	positive phototropism
ALL plants are autotrophs?	False
All plants have a life cycle that is characterized by alternation of _____.	generations
which chlorophylls do plants use to carry out photosynthesis?	a & b
Gametes in plants are ____.	Haploid (N)
spores in plants are _____.	diploid (2N)
Seed plants have evolved reproductive cycles that can be carried out without ______.	water
The four basic needs of palnts include:	water and minerals; transport of water and nutrients thoughout the plant body; sunlight; gas exchange
Plant leave are typically broad and flat to maximize	the amount of light absorbed
Plants do both respiration and phtosynthesis?	true
The history of plants is understood in terms of the evolution of what kind of structures?	structures that acquire, transport, and conserve water
the first plants evolved from an organism that was a lot like today's	Green Algae
early plants were similar to tady's mosses because they grew close to the _____ _______.	damp ground
Which features do botnanists use to divide the plant kingdom into four groups?	seeds; water-conducting tissue; flowers
From the first plants two major groups evolved, one included the flowering plants, cone-bearing plants, ferns, etc. and the other group developed into the ___.	mosses
The great majoirity of plants alive today are ________	Flowering Plants (angiospores)
One way to classify protists is according to the way they obtain _______.	Nutrition
animal like protists are	heterotrophs
plant like protists	produce their own food by photosynthesis
fungus like protists are	decomposers or parasites
Problem with categorizing protists based on way they obtain their food:	it doesn't reflect the evolutionary history of these organisms
Animal Like Protists are called	Protozoans
Zooflagellates	swim w/ 1or2 flagella
zooflagellates live in:	lakes and streams while others live with the bodies of other organisms
sarcodines use _______ (cytoplasmic projections) for _____ and _______. ex: _______	pseudopods; feeding and movement; ex: amoebas - sarcodine
ciliates use ___ (short hair like projections) for feeding and movement. ex: _____	cilia; ex: paramecium - ciliate
ciliates are found in both ___ and ____ water	fresh and salt water
sporozoans do not ___ on their own and are ______-	move; and are parasites
______ have a wide variety of host organisms including worms, ____, birds, and ____. Many have complex life cycles that involved more than one ____.	Sporozoans, fish and humans, more than one HOST
Plasmodium (which causes malaria) infects _____ cells and then red blood cells where it multipies rapidly. Then the red blood cells ____ releasing the parasites into the blood stream.	liver; burst
______ are only partially effective against malaria	vaccins
African Sleeping Sickness can affect the ______ system	nervous
Amebic dysentary can attac the wall of the ______ which causes extensive bleeding.	intestine
____ causes severe diarrhea and digestive system problems. It's spread through water.	Giardia
_____ lives in the digestive system of termites. It helps the termite break down the ____ in wood.	Trichonympha; cellulose
Plant like Protists are called	ALGAE
These plantlike protists contain the green pigment _______ and carry out _____, and are highly _____.	chlorophyll; photosynthesis; motile
How do seed bearing plants differ from all other plants?	Reproduction is free of water; gametes do not require water for fertilization to occur
angiosperms produce enclosed seeds inside protective structures called	ovaries
A seed includes a plant embryo, a food supply, and a protective ______ _______.	seed coating
The vascular tissue in a plant's stem is continuous from the _______ to the leaves.	roots
Where on does oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out?	stomata
If a plants stomata are closed _____ water will be pulled up from the plant's roots.	less
Pollen grains are produced by the ____ reproductive structures while ______ are produced by female reproductive structures.	male; ovules
A fruit is a ripened ____ containg seeds.	ovary
Plant roots will grow into the soil due to the stimulus called ________.	gravitropism
In which parts of the leaf does photosynthesis take place?	middle of leaf: the palisade layer and spongy later
Describe adaptations for a prickly pear cactus living in a desert.	thick stems adapted to store water and leaves that are thin sharp spines to reduce water loss due to transpiration. shallow roots system to soak up rain quickly with hairs.
Closely related to the animal like flagellates; have 2 flagella, chloroplasts, but no cell wall	Euglenophytes found in ponds and lakes throughout the world plantlike protist
diverse group of plantlike protists that have gold colored chloroplasts. This group has a cell wall made up of pectin, cellulose, or both.	Chrysophytes
group of plantlike protists that have a thin delicate cell wall rich in silicon and are among the most abundant and beautiful	Bacillariophyta (diatoms)
group of plantlike protists that: 50% are photosynthetic and the other are heterotrophic. These organisms have 2 flagella, many are luminescent and reproduce by binary fision.	Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates)
group of plantlike protists: red algae that lives at great depths and contains chlorophyll and phyloblins (red pigment)	Rhodophyta
group of plantlike protists brown algae containing chlorophyll and a brown pigment. ex: kelp & jorgassium.	Phaeophyta
group of plantlike protists that have green algae that share many characteristics with plants including their phtosynthetic pigments and cell wall composition.	Chlorphyta
Aglaes are a major ____ source for life in the ocean and produce much of Earth's _____ through phtosynthesis.	food; oxygen
Many species are rich in vitamin C and iron and chemicals made from these algaes are used to treat stomach ulcers, high ____ pressure and arthritis.	blood
Funguslike protists are ________ that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic ________. But unlike most true fungi, these protists have ________!! and lack chitin cell walls.	heterotroph; matter; centrioles
Slime molds	fungus like protists that play key roles in RECYCLING material
water molds	thrive on dead or decaying organic atter in water and some are plant parasites on land group of funguslike protists
funguslike protists help things ROT. The topsoil that provides plants with _______ results from this decomposition.	nutrients
some funguslike protists can also cause plant ______ (disease)	blights!
Fungi are __karyotic ____trophs that have cell walls made up of ______.	EUkaryotic; HETEROtrophs; chitin
Fungi do not injest food but instead, they ______ food outside of their bodies and then ______ it.	digest; absorb
many fungi feed on _______ matter in the soil but others live as ___________, absorbing nutrients from the bodies of their hosts.	decaying; parasites
Fungi are multicellular and composed tin filaments called _________.	hyphae
Mycelium is well suited to absorb food because it permits a large _________ to come in contact with the food source through which it grows.	surface area
The ____________ _____ is the reproductive structures growing from the mycelium in the soil beneath it.	fruiting body (ex: mushroom)
Asexual Reproduction for FUNGI	takes place when cells or hyphae BREAK off from a fungus and begin to grow on their own. Some produce SPECIES which scatter and grow into new organisms.
Sexual Reproduction of FUNGI	when hyphae of opposite mating types meet and they start the process of sexual reproduction by fusing
Fungi are classified according to their _______ and method of _________.	Structure and method of reproduction
Common Molds group of fungi	grow on meat, cheese and bread. members of the phylum ZYZOMYCOTA
sac fungi	the larges phylum of Fungi; some are microscopic such as yeast, while others such as the cup fungi are larger; phylum ASCOMYCOTA
Club Fungi	have specialized reproductive structures that resemble a club. the spore bearing structure is called the BASIDIUM. basidia are found on the gills that grow on the underside of mushrooms caps. Phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA
Imperfect Fungi	extremely varied; composed of those fungi that are not placed in other hyla because researchers have never been able to observe a secual phase in their life cycles; phylum DEUTEROMYCOTA
The first fungi were formed about ______ and over time have become an important part of all ecosystems.	460 million years ago
HETEROTROPHIC fungi cannot move to capture food, soooo many are ______ (organisms that obtain food from decaying organic matter)	Saprobes
Other heterotrophic fungi are harmful parasites while others live in a ____ symbiotic relationship with other organisms.	mutual
fungi as decomposers ________ nutrients by breaking down the bodies and wastes of other organisms.	recycle
Fungi as parasites can cause both plant and animal ______.	diseases
three plant diseases caused by parasite fungi	corn smut; mildews; wheat rust
three human diseases caused by parasite fungi	athlete's foot; ring worm; candida
____ are not single organisms; they are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism (algae or cynobactera).	Lichens
lichens are often the ____ organisms to enter environments, gradually breaking down rocks on which they grow.	first
mycorrhizae	association of plant roots and fungi
The tiny _____ of the fungi aid plants in absorbing water and minerals. The fungi realeases ______ that free nutrients into the soil. The plants provide the fungi with the products of _______. DURING _________.	hyphae; enzymes; photosynthesis; mycorrhizae
Some plants cannot germinate in the absences of ________ ________. ex: orchids	mycorrhizal fungi
What are heterotrophs	consumers
what are autotrophs	producers
what protists do geologists use to find oil deposits?	forams
what allows the blepharisma to move?	cilia
what is unque to euglena?	photosynthetic properties
What do contractile vacuoles allow the paramecium to do?	the get rid of water/wastes
how does the paramecium share genetic material?	conjugation
How do protists aid in the treatment of wastewater?	they keep baceteria in suspense and keep the water moving.

Created by: heretolearn

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