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COS 111 Final Exam
Includes questions from chapters 4, 5, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do good communication skills potentially reduce in a workplace? | Conflict |
| What is the ultimate goal when handling a client who is dissatisfied with a service? | Make the client happy and willing to return |
| What do effective human relations and communication skills build? | 1. Lasting client relationships 2. Acceleration of professional growth 3. Positive work environment |
| What are the steps of the 10-Step Consultation Method? | 1. Review intake form 2. Perform a needs assessment 3. Determine/rate client preferences 4. Analyze client hair 5. Review the client’s lifestyle 6. Show and tell 7. Make recommendations on lifestyle, hair type, and face shape 8. Make color recomme |
| What is a practical step for effectively communicating in the workplace? | Believe in yourself |
| What is the key to operating effectively in most industries? | Ability to understand people |
| How can you earn a client’s trust and loyalty? | By being consistent and maintaining a positive attitude |
| What you should you do if a client requests a specific cut/color that cannot be achieved? | Create a plan, offer alternative looks, and set future goals |
| What clients should be scheduled later in the day or told to arrive earlier than the appointment time? | Habitually late clients |
| How should you address older clients? | By asking them how they wished to be addressed |
| How should you remain when communicating with coworkers? | Objective |
| What roles should cosmetologist NOT attempt to fill at the salon? | 1. Counselor 2. Career guide 3. Parental sounding board 4. Motivational coach |
| What should you do if a client is revealing increasingly personal details? | 1. Excuse yourself 2. Change the subject 3. Suggest relaxation service |
| What two things should you be when interacting and communicating with coworkers? | Honest and sensitive |
| What should you do BEFORE communicating with your salon manager about an issue or problem? | Think of possible solutions |
| What is the act of successfully sharing information between two people (or groups of people) so that the information is understood? | Effective communication |
| What are some other terms for the client intake form? | Client questionnaire, consultation card, or healthy history form |
| What is the communication with a client that determines their needs and how to achieve those results? | Client consultation |
| When should the client consultation be performed? | Before starting the service |
| How much time is recommended to allow for the client consultation? | 5-15 minutes |
| What is critical to being successful in a people profession? | Reactions to situations beyond your control and ability to communicate effectively in the face of challenges |
| What should you do when involved in a scheduling mix-up? | Be polite and NEVER argue about who is correct |
| A golden rule for communication is to always be aware of what? | Your body language |
| What is it when you listen to a client, then repeat what you believe the client is telling you in your own words back to them? | Reflective listening |
| What is the client’s permanent progress record of services received, results, formulations, and products purchased or used? | Service record card |
| What are round-shaped bacteria? | Cocci |
| Which type of bacteria can cause strep throat or blood poisoning? | Streptococci |
| What bacteria grows in pairs and can cause pneumonia? | Diplococci |
| What bacteria is a spiral or corkscrew-shape and can cause Lyme disease and syphilis? | Spirilla |
| What is a chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organizing on environmental services? | Disinfection |
| What liquid is in the outer cell wall of a bacteria? | Protoplasm |
| What is the process in which bacteria grow to their largest size, and then divide into two new cells? | Binary fission |
| What is pus a sign of? | Bacterial infection |
| What is an infection that is confined to a particular part of the body? | Local |
| What is a condition caused by an infestation of head lice? | Pediculosis capitis |
| What is the body’s ability to destroy, resist, and recognize infection? | Immunity |
| Disinfectants sold and used in the U.S. must carry a registration number from what organization? | FDA (Food and Drug Administration) |
| What agency publishes the guidelines known as Standard Precautions? | CDC (Center of Disease Control) |
| What did OSHA replace the MSDS with in 2012 to comply with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals System in 2012? | SDS (Safety Data Sheet) |
| What is a type of disinfectant with a very high pH that can damage the skin or eyes? | Phenolic disinfectant |
| How long should the process of brushing both hands with a nail brush when washing them take? | 60 seconds |
| What are intended for reducing microbes on the skin? | Antiseptics |
| Standard Precautions require employers/employees to assume all human blood and bodily fluids are potentially what? | Infectious |
| How many information categories does the SDS contain? | 16 |
| When disinfecting a whirlpool foot spa, how long must the disinfectant circulate if not indicated on the product label? | 10 minutes |
| How should a pipeless foot spa be dried after being cleaned and disinfected? | With a clean paper towel |
| Which form of hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on surfaces? | Hepatitis B |
| How often does AHP (Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide) need to be changed? | 14 days |
| What is important to wear when disinfecting no electrical tools or implements? | Gloves and safety glasses |
| What type of agency regulates licensing, enforcement, and conduct within a salon? | State |
| Per SDS, first-aid measures include what? | Important symptoms and effects as well as containment and clean-up |
| When can a cosmetologist cut living skin? | Never |
| Where are fungal infections most common? | Feet |
| What are items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person even if it is exposed to blood or bodily fluids called? | Multiuse |
| What is the process that destroys all microbial life? | Sterilization |
| What must be done to a product before use if it is labeled a “concentrate?” | Diluted |
| Using too much of what can damage metal and plastic? | Bleach |
| What is also known as 5.25% sodium hypochlorite? | Household bleach |
| Disinfectants (especially phenols) should NEVER come into contact with what? | Skin |
| What is a term for something that is considered absorbent? | Porous |
| Where should salons record each time equipment is used, cleaned, disinfected, tested, and maintained at? | Logbook |
| There is no additive, powder, or tablet that eliminates the need for what? | Cleaning and disinfecting |
| What should always be readily available to prevent health risks in case of exposure incidents AND comply with federal and state regulations? | SDS (Safety Data Sheets) |
| Are antimicrobial/antibacterial soaps any more effective than regular soaps/detergents? | No |
| What includes guidelines for the use of gloves, masks, and eyewear when contact with blood or bodily guilds containing blood elements is a possibility? | Standard Precautions |
| After cleaning and disinfecting, implements should be stored in what? | Clean, covered container |
| Before beginning a service, what must a cosmetologist’s hands be washed with? | Soap, warm water, and a clean, disinfected nail brush |
| What is a disease that is spread from one person to another? | Contagious disease |
| What are one-called microorganisms that have both blank and animal characteristics? | Bacteria |
| The transmission of blood or bodily fluids though touching, kissing, coughing, sneezing, or talking is known as what? | Direct transmission |
| The transmission of blood or bodily fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental service is known as what? | Indirect transmission |
| What are the various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms called? | Toxins |
| What is a disease that is spread from one person to another person? | Communicable disease |
| What is a disease caused by pathogenic organisms that enter the body and may or may not be spread from one person to another? | Infectious disease |
| What is included in the toxicology portion of the SDS categories? | Routes of exposure, related symptoms, and acute/chronic effects |
| Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size is known as a what? | Microorganism |
| What is the mechanical process of removing blood or other potentially infectious materials and visible debris from an item’s surface? | Cleaning |
| What type of disease affects the body as a whole and is often due to under or over functioning internal glands or organs? | Systemic disease |
| What is the determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests? | Diagnosis |
| What is a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection? | Inflammation |
| What may cause a parasitic disease? | Lice |
| What is a submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms and is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell’s reproductive functions? | Virus |
| What is the virus that causes AIDS? | HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) |
| What is it called when contact with non-intact skin, blood, bodily fluid, or other potentially infections materials is caused by a result of employee performance? | Exposure incident |
| What is the scientific name for “barber’s itch?” | Folliculitis barbae |
| What are organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism? | Parasite |
| What is the presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface/visible debris/residues called? | Contamination |
| What is the term used to describe a ringworm fungus of the foot? | Tinea pedis |
| What is a reaction caused by extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances? | Allergy |
| What type of disease is produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites? | Pathogenic disease |
| What are illnesses that result from conditions associated with employment? | Occupational diseases |
| What is listed in the SDS’s category on handling and storage? | Safe handling and storage, and incompatibilities |
| What are the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms called? | Infection control |
| What is known as “self-moving” in bacteria? | Motility |
| What is an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, which render it incapable of carrying out normal functions? | Disease |
| What is the ability to produce an effect known as? | Efficacy |
| How should disinfected be diluted to avoid foaming, which can result in incorrect mixing ratios? | Add disinfectant to water (not water to disinfectant) |
| What is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system? | AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) |
| What type of immunity develops after overcoming a disease, being vaccinated, or through exposure to natural allergens (pollen, dander, etc.)? | Acquired |
| What is a term for showing no symptoms or signs of infection? | Asymptomatic |
| What are small, rod-shaped bacteria that are the most common and responsible for tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculous, and diphtheria? | Bacilli |
| What are the bacteria that produce protective coatings that allow them to withstand harsh environments that are then later shed when conditions become more favorable called? | Bacterial spores |
| What is a disinfectant capable of destroying bacteria? | Bactericidal |
| What are colonies of bacteria that adhere together and adhere to environmental surfaces? | Biofilms |
| What are disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids? | Blood borne pathogens |
| What soaps break down stubborn films and remove residues of pedicure products (scrubs, salts, masks, etc.)? | Chelating soaps |
| What is another term for a communicable disease? | Contagious disease |
| What is the removal of blood, debris, residue and all other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface? | Decontamination |
| What are chemical products approved by the EPA that are designed to destroy most bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces? | Disinfectants |
| What are slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (also known as cilia) called? | Flagella |
| What are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses and include molds, mildews, and yeasts, and can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm? | Fungi |
| What is a term for capable of destroying fungi? | Fungicidal |
| What is a bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver? | Hepatitis |
| What are disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and bodily fluids? | Hospital disinfectants |
| What is a virus that causes warts in man’s, but is also the cause of cervical cancer and can be seen on the bottom of the foot as small black dots also called plantar warts? | HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) |
| What is the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens? | Infection |
| What is a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments due to incorrect doses or choice of antibiotic? | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) |
| What is a type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon? | Mildew |
| What is a microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers? | Mycobacterium fortuitum |
| What is an item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids? | Nonporous |
| What are products made of quaternary ammonium cations that are designed to disinfect nonporous surfaces and are one of the most common disinfectants used in salons? | Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) |
| What is a chemical process that reduces the number of disease-causing germs on a cleaned surface to a safe level? | Sanitization |
| What is a contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite which burrows under the skin? | Scabies |
| What are items that cannot be used more than once because they cannot be properly cleaned and are typically porous? | Single-use |
| What pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like grapes and cause abscesses, pustules, and boils? | Staphylococci |
| What is a fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules or spots at the opening of the hair follicles? | Tinea capitis |
| What is the term for capable of destroying viruses? | Virucidal |
| What is the term for capable of destroying the bacteria that causes tuberculosis? | Tuberculocidal |
| What is a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms? | Virus |
| What do chemically infused services which are considered permanent alter about the hair? | Natural texture, curl, or wave pattern |
| What hair colors are most flattering for a client with golden skin tones? | Warm |
| How type of style would a stylist typically choose for someone with a wider frame? | Hairstyle with more volume |
| What is the establishment of equal or appropriate proportions to create symmetry? | Balance |
| When half of a hairstyle has equal visual weight to its counterpart, but is positioned unevenly, what type of balance is the hairstyle considered to have? | Asymmetrical |
| What is a regular pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement in a design? | Rhythm |
| What is the area in a design to which the eye is drawn to first before traveling throughout the rest of the design? | Emphasis |
| What is the styling choice to offset or round out the features of a square facial shape? | Create volume between the temples and jaw |
| What profile has a receding forehead and chin? | Convex |
| What is the triangular section that begins at the apex, or high point of the head, and ends at the front corners called? | Bang area |
| How can design texture be created temporarily? | By using heat/wet styling techniques |
| If left natural, what hair type may not support many styling options? | Straight, fine hair |
| `What type of hair offers the most versatility in styling? | Wavy, medium hair |
| What hair type is general cut short to ease in styling? | Very curly, fine hair |
| What profile has a prominent forehead and chin? | Concave |
| What is recommended for clients with close-set eyes? | Directing the hair back and away from the face at the temples |
| What is recommended for clients with a receding chin? | Directing the hair forward in the chin area |
| What is recommended for clients with a prominent nose? | Bringing the air forward at the forehead with softness around the face |
| What is recommended for male clients with wide faces and full cheeks? | Close-trimmed beard/faded beard with mustache |
| What do vertical lines create in hair design? | Length and height |
| What do horizontal lines create in hair design? | Width |
| What lines may move in clockwise/counter-clockwise directions and create the illusion of movement? | Curved |
| What are repeating lines known as? | Parallel |
| What are lines with definite forward and backward movement? | Directional |
| What face shape is narrow at the middle third of the face? | Square |
| What is the face shape with a narrow forehead, extreme width in the cheekbones, and a narrow chin? | Diamond |
| What face shape has a narrow forehead, wide jaw, and wide chin line? | Triangular |
| What face shape has a wide forehead and narrow chin line? | Inverted triangle |
| What parting is used to create the illusion of width or height in a hairstyle? | Diagonal |
| What is the ideal face shape? | Oval |
| What type of illusion lines does color create in hair design? | Attention |
| What face shape has a long, narrow face with hollow cheeks? | Oblong |
| What are the five steps to creating good hair designs? | 1. Have a vision 2. Follow a plan 3. Work at the plan 4. Try and try again 5. Take calculated risks |
| What are the elements of hair design? | Line, form, space, design texture, and color |
| `What are the principles of hair design? | Proportion, balance, rhythm, emphasis, and harmony |
| What hair type may produce unwanted volume when brushed with a round brush? | Straight, coarse hair |
| What hair type can look fuller with layering? | Wavy, fine hair |
| What hair type is very voluminous if not shaped properly and is often viewed as "too wavy for straight hair and too straight for curly hair?" | Wavy, coarse hair |
| What hair type tends to tangle easily and often separates to reveal the client's scalp if it is not very dense? | Curly, fine hair |
| What hair type gives a soft, romantic look when left natural? | Curly, medium hair |
| What hair type is often extremely compacted and offers little to no movement? | Curly, coarse hair |
| What hair type typically grows wider towards the ends as it gets longer but also offers versatility of styles that incorporate braiding and twisting? | Extremely curly, medium hair |
| What hair type is often chemically relaxed to make it more manageable when styling? | Extremely curly, coarse hair |
| What are the seven basic face shapes? | Oval, round, square, triangle, oblong, diamond, and inverted triangle |
| What are horizontal and vertical lines which meet at a 90-degree angle and create a hard edge? | Contrasting |
| What is the mass or general outline of a hairstyle that is three-dimensional with width, length, and depth known as? | Form |
| What is the taking into account of wave patterns when designing a hairstyle? | Design texture |
| What is the most important of art principles and holds all elements of the design together by bringing unity to it? | Harmony |
| What is the ideal profile? | Straight |
| What is the comparative relationship of one thing to another? | Proportion |
| What is a regular pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement in a design? | Rhythm |
| What is the area surrounding the form of the area the hairstyle occupies? | Space |
| What are lines used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines? | Transitional lines |
| What is the primary purpose of a shampoo service? | To cleanse the hair and scalp |
| What is classified as a universal solvent? | Water |
| Why are small amounts of chlorine added to public water pipelines? | To kill bacteria |
| How are ingredients listed on shampoo labels? | Descending from most to least amount |
| What pH does a pH-balanced shampoo have? | 4.5-5.5 |
| What substances absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture in hair? | Humectants |
| What is designed to penetrate the cortex and reinforce the hair shaft from within to temporarily reconstruct the hair? | Protein conditioner |
| What is used after a scalp treatment and before styling to remove oil accumulation from the scalp? | Scalp astringent lotion |
| When should brushing the hair be avoided? | Before a chemical service |
| What are the most highly recommended brushes made with? | Natural bristles |
| How should you monitor the water temperature when shampooing a client? | Keeping your own fingers under the spray |
| What should a dry hair and scalp treatment that is used to treat a deficiency of natural oil contain? | Moisturizing and emollient ingredients |
| What is the method of manipulating he scalp by rubbing, tapping, kneading, or stroking with the hands known as? | Massage |
| What can cause excessive oiliness? | Overactive sebaceous glands |
| What should you use to work the shampoo into a lather? | Cushions of fingertips |
| What is the difference between a relaxation massage and a treatment massage? | Products used |
| What should be considered when selecting a shampoo? | Condition of hair/scalp |
| What are used to eliminate unwanted color tones in hair? | Color-enhancing shampoos |
| What are deep, penetrating conditioners that restore protein and moisture back to the hair? | Treatment/repair conditioners |
| What is used to protect the hair from harmful effects of thermal services? | Spray-on thermal protector (heat-protectant) |
| What is recommended for clients with dry, damaged, fine hair? | Gentle cleansing shampoo + light leave-in conditioner |
| What is an appropriate product for coarse, dry, damaged hair? | Deep-conditioning treatment/hair mask |
| How should implements be rinsed after cleaning them? | Under warm running water |
| What is rainwater or chemically treated water that contains only a small amount of minerals classified as? | Soft water |
| What is water that contains minerals that reduce the ability of soap or shampoo to lather classified as? | Hard water |
| What should be used during a scalp massage? | Slow, deliberate motions and a soft touch |
| What is a shampoo that contains special ingredients that are very effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions known as? | Medicated shampoo |
| What is a shampoo that is designed to make the hair appear smooth and shiny as well as improve the manageability of the hair known as? | Conditioning shampoo |
| What are shampoos that contain active chelating agents that bind to metals to remove them from the hair? | Clarifying shampoo |
| What are shampoos designed to wash away excess oiliness, while also preventing the hair from drying out called? | Balancing shampoo |
| What is a shampoo that cleanses the hair without the use of soap and water? | Dry shampoo |
| What is the water-attracting end of a surfactant molecule classified as? | Hydrophilic |
| What is a special chemical agent that deposits protein/moisturizer to help restore the hair's strength, infuse moisture, give body, and protect hair against possible breakage? | Conditioner |
| What are shampoos that have been formulated with little to no alkaline soap base called? | Sulfate-free shampoo |
| What does it mean if a shampoo is more alkaline? | It will be stronger/harsher |
| Prior to a service, what should the client be analyzed for? | Hair thinning |
| What is the oil-attracting end of a surfactant molecule classified as? | Lipophillic |
| What is water that has had impurities (calcium, magnesium, etc.) removed called? | Deionized water |
| What is a shampoo that is used for chemically processed or relaxed hair to re-balance the pH level of the hair by neutralizing any alkali and unwanted residues in the hair (typically used after a chemical service)? | Neutralizing shampoo |
| What are products that do not remove artificial colors from the hair known as? | Nonstripping |
| What is the reference point that signals a change in head shape from flat to round or vice versa known as? | Four corners |
| What are the straight lines used to build weight and create one-length and low-elevation haircuts known as? | Horizontal lines |
| What are the straight lines used to remove weight to create graduated or layered haircuts known as? | Vertical lines |
| What are the working areas the hair is parted into when haircutting? | Sections |
| What is the angle at which the fingers are held when cutting the line that creates the end shape known as? | Cutting line |
| What type of guideline is used to create a layered or graduated haircut? | Traveling guideline |
| What is the technique of combing the hair away from its natural falling position, rather than straight out from the head called? | Overdirection |
| Why would a stylist need to use less elevation or leave the overall length a bit longer on curly hair? | Shrinkage |
| What is known as the direction in which the hair grows from the scalp, or the natural fall or natural falling position? | Growth pattern |
| What type of comb is used for close tapers on the nape and sides when using the scissors-over-comb technique? | Barber comb |
| What is the technique used to free up the cutting hand to cut a subsection known as? | Transferring the comb |
| What is the term used to describe the amount of pressure applied when combing and holding a subjection? | Tension |
| Where should the stylist stand when cutting? | Directly in front area being cut |
| What is the visual line in a haircut, or where the ends of the hair hang together known as? | Weight line |
| What is the act of parting hte hair in the opposite way it was cut, at the same elevation to check for precision of line and shape knonw as? | Cross-checking |
| What is where and how the hair is moved over the head known as? | Natural distribution |
| What is the method of cutting/layering that glides the fingers and shears along the edge of the hair to remove length? | Slide cutting |
| What is the process of removing excess bulk without shortening the length of the hair known as? | Texturizing |
| What is the process of thinning the hair to graduated lengths using a sliding movement of the shears with the blades kept partially open called? | Slithering |
| It is best to work on dry hair when removing weight with what technique? | Slicing |
| What determines the amount of hair removed when using the clipper-over-comb technique? | Angle of comb |
| What can be a result of shear blade tension being too tight? | Wear and user fatigue |
| What does elevation create? | Graduation/layers |
| What is a guideline located at the outer line of the cut known as? | Perimeter |
| When should shears be sharpened? | Only as needed |
| How much tension should be used on straight hair if precise lines are desired? | Maximum |
| What hair type should never be cut with a razor because it will weaken the cuticle and cause frizzing? | Curly |
| What is the most important part of a salon service? | Client consultation |
| How should the client's hair be pre-consultation? | Cleansed and unstyled |
| What is a quick way to analyze face shape? | Wide or long |
| What is hair texture based on? | Thickness of each strand |
| What is the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of scalp known as? | Hair density |
| What may be used with cutting guards of various lenghts? | Clippers |
| What type of shears are typically less expensive? | Cast shears |
| Which part of the shear allows the stylist to have more control over them? | Finger tang |
| `When should shears be cleaned and lubricated? | After every client |
| What is prevented when a stylist knows how to properly hold their tools? | Arm muscle strain |
| Where should the comb be held when the shears are palmed? | Between thumb, index, and middle finger |
| What type of tension should be used to achieve constant, even results in a haircut? | Consistent |
| What type of haircut works well with hair that tends to expand when dry? | Heavier graduated haircuts |
| What will give a softer effect when cutting? | Razor |
| Can clippers be used to texturize? | No |
| What direction should clippers be used in, especially in the nape? | Against natural growth pattern |
| What should also be checked on male clients when trimming their facial hair? | If they would like hair removed from ears/eyebrows |
| What is the term for the shape of the head? | Head form |
| What are places on the head that mark where the surface of the head changes called? | Reference points |
| What is the widest area of the head known as? | Parietal ridge |
| What is the bone that protrudes at the base of the skull? | Occipital bone |
| What is the highest point on the top of the head known as? | Apex |
| What is the area at the back part of the neck known as? | Nape |
| What is a triangular section that begins at the apex and ends at the front corners of the head called? | Bang area |
| What is a thin, continuous mark used as a guide called? | Line |
| What are lines that are parallel from the floor and relative to the horizon called? | Horizontal lines |
| What is the space between two lines or surfaces that intersects at a given point? | Angle |
| What are lines perpendicular to the horizon? | Vertical lines |
| What are lines that slant or slope called? | Diagonal lines |
| What is the line dividing the hair at the scalp known as? | Part |
| What is the hair elevated to from the scalp to achieve uniform layers? | 90-degrees |
| What type of shear blade edge gives the smoothest cut and has the sharpest edge possible? | Full convex edge |
| What type of shears are best for adding increased blending? | Texturizing shears |
| What is the key to avoiding long-term repetitive motion injuries and other musculoskeletal disorders? | Prevention |
| What hand position is most commonly used when cutting uniform or increasing layers? | Cutting over the fingers |
| What haircut is cut at a 90-degree elevation and is then overdirected to maintain length and weight at the perimeter? | Long-layered haircut |
| What technique is used to connect the top sections to the lengths of a hair length past the shoulder blades? | Slide cutting |
| Which cutting tool should generally be avoided when cutting curly hair? | Razor |
| How is the haircut cross-checked when using the scissor-over-comb technique? | By working across the area diagonally |
| What haircut represents cutting the hair very short and close to the hairline and then gradually getting longer as it moves up the head? | Taper |
| What is the process called in which the hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture-loss/drying? | Shrinkage |
| What is always the first step in the hairstyling process? | Client consultation |
| What is the process of shaping and directing the hair into an S-pattern through the use of fingers, combs, and finger-waving lotion known as? | Finger-waving |
| What is the stationary foundation of a pin curly called? | Base |
| To create horizontal finger waves, how must the waves be placed? | Sideways and parallel around the head |
| What are pin curls that produce tight, firm, long-lasting curls and allow for minimum mobility called? | No-stem pin curls |
| How should pin curls formed in a shaping begin? | The open end |
| What are the most common shapes for pin curl bases? | Rectangular, triangular, square, or arc |
| What are pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head called? | Carved curls |
| What is the panel of hair on which the roller is placed called? | Base |
| What is the recessed area created from curls of opposite directions meeting called? | Indentation |
| What is the hair between the scalp and the first turn of the roller called? | Stem |
| What angle should the comb be held at to smooth backcombed hair while pointing away from yourself and lightly combing over the hair? | 45-degree angle |
| What styling product is also known as mousse? | Foam |
| What product offers firmer, longer holds for fine hair with a minimum amount of heaviness? | Texturizers |
| What product can be applied to damp hair to create a smooth, straight look that provides a strong hold in dry outdoor conditions? | Straightening gel |
| What is a haircutting technique done by placing the still blade into the hair, resting it on the scalp, and then moving the shears through the hair while opening and partially closing the shears? | Carving |
| What is a process of thinning the hair to graduated lengths with shears by cutting with a sliding movement of the shears while keeping the blades partially opened? | Effilating (Slithering) |
| What is a haircutting technique in which pieces of hair are snipped out at random intervals? | Free-hand notching |
| What is a haircutting technique used to release weight from a subsection, allowing it to move more freely? | Free-hand slicing |
| What haircut has a slow or immediate buildup of weight and is cut with tension, low to medium elevation, or over direction? | Graduated haircut |
| What haircut is achieved with elevation or over direction, and the hair is cut at higher elevations, usually 90 degrees or above, which removes weight? | Layered haircut |
| What creates movement and volume in the hair by releasing weight? | Layers |
| What is a haircut that is cut at a 90 degree elevation and then over directed to maintain weight/length at the perimeter? | Long-layered haircut |
| What is a method of cutting or layering the hair in which the fingers and shears glide along the edge of the hair to remove length? | Slide cutting |
| What is a haircutting technique, that is another version of point cutting, and involves moving the tips of the shears towards the hair ends rather than into them to create a chunkier effect? | Notching |
| What is the technique of combing a section away from its natural falling position, rather than straight out from the head, towards the guideline, to create an increasing length in interior/perimeter line? | Overdirection |
| What type of parting rotates from a central point and is used for layering and graduating? | Pivoting (pie-shape) |
| What is a haircutting technique that involves cutting points into the ends of the hair with the tip of the shears? | Point cutting |
| What is a texturizing technique in which the comb and the razor are used on the surface of the hair? | Razor-over-comb |
| What is a haircutting technique that removes weight and adds movement through the lengths of the hair by only using the portion of the blades nearest the pivot? | Slicing |
| What are smaller sections within larger sections of hair that are used to maintain control? | Subsections |
| What is a haircutting effect that evenly blends very short lengths at the hairline to longer lengths further up the head? | Taper |
| What is the amount of pressure applied when combing and holding a section? | Tension |
| What is a haircutting technique designed to remove excess bulk without shortening the length? | Texturizing |
| What is a haircut that is created when the hair is elevated to 90 degrees from the scalp and cut at the same length? | Uniform layers |
| What is the visual line in the haircut where all of the ends of the hair meet and hang together? | Weight line |
| What is a technique used to build a soft cushion or to mesh two or more curl patterns together for a uniform and smooth comb out? | Backbrushing (ruffing) |
| What is a technique that involves combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp, causing shorter. Hair to mat at the scalp and form a cushion or base? | Backcombing (teasing, matting, ratting) |
| What are pin curls with larger center openings that are fastened to the head in a standing position on a rectangular base? | Barrel curls |
| What is the stationary foundation of a pin curl that the roller is placed on known as? | Base |
| What is the technique of drying and styling damp hair in a single operation? | Blowdry styling |
| What is the foundation technique used for a bun hairstyle? | Ponytail |
| What are pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head? | Carved (sculptured) curls |
| What are pin curls fastened to the head in a standing position to allow the hair to flow upward then downward called? | Cascade curls |
| What is a classic updo designed around a ponytail that is commonly used in formal hairstyling? | Chignon |
| What is the part of the pin curl that forms a complete circle or the hair that is wrapped around the roller known as? | Circle (curl) |
| What are pin curls that produce waves that get smaller towards the ends? | Closed-center curls |
| What is a nozzle attachment that causes the air to flow more softly and helps accentuate or keep textural definition when drying? | Concentrator |
| What is the technique of passing a hot curling iron through the hair before performing a hard press? | Double press |
| What is used to give a finished appearance to hair ends either turned under or over? | End curls |
| What is the process of shaping and directing the hair into an S pattern through the use of the fingers, combs, and waving lotion? | Finger waving |
| What is a type of hair gel that makes the hair pliable enough to keep it in place during the finger-waving procedure? | Liquid gel (finger-waving lotion) |
| What is a light, airy, whipped styling product that resembles shaving foam and builds moderate body and volume into the hair? | Foam (mousse) |
| What is a technique used for formal hairstyling that creates a look of folded hair? | French pleat (French twist) |
| What are thermal curls that sit in the center of their base and are strong with full volume? | Full-base curls |
| What is a curl placed completely off base that allows for the greatest mobility called? | Full-stem curl |
| What is a thickened styling preparation that comes in a tube or bottle and creates a strong hold? | Gel |
| What is a method of temporarily straightening extremely curly or unruly hair by means of a heated iron/comb? | Hair pressing |
| What is a styling product applied in the form of a mist to hold a style in position and comes in a variety of holding strengths? | Hairspray (finishing spray) |
| What is a technique used to keep curly hair smooth and straight? | Hair wrapping |
| What is a roller positioning that sits halfway on the base and halfway off and gives the curl medium volume and movement? | Half base |
| What are thermal curls placed half off their base that are strong with moderate lift or volume? | Half-base curls |
| What is a hairstyle that involves half of the hair being pulled back off the pace and pinned at or below the crown? | Half updo |
| What technique removes 100% of curl by applying the pressing comb twice on each side of the hair? | Hard press |
| What is the point where two curls of opposite directions meet and form a recessed area? | Indentation |
| What is a pressing technique that removes 60-75% of curl by applying the comb once on either side with medium pressure? | Medium press |
| What type of curl is placed directly on its base and produces a tight, firm, long-lasting curl with minimum mobility? | No-stem curl |
| What roller position is completely off base and offers maximum mobility with minimum volume? | Off base |
| What type of thermal curl is placed completely off its base and produces only slight lift of volume? | Off-base curl |
| What roller position is placed directly on its base and produces maximum volume? | On base (full base) |
| What are pin curls that produce even, smooth waves and uniform curls? | Open-center curls |
| What is a styling product that adds considerable weight to the hair by causing strands to join together, showing separation in the hair? | Pomade (wax) |
| What is the technique of forcing the hair between teh thumb and back of the comb to create tension? | Ribboning |
| What are pin curls that are placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a wave? | Ridge curls |
| What is the round solid prong of the thermal iron? | Rod |
| What is a curl pattern that creates volume of hair, movement, and a curl formation from roots to ends? | Root curl |
| What is a section of hair that is molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls? | Shaping |
| What is the clamp that presses the hair against the barrel or rod of a thermal iron? | Shell |
| What adds gloss and sheen to the hair while creating textural definition? | Silicone (serum) |
| What are two rows of ridge curls, usually on the side of the head, known as? | Skip waves |
| What is the technique of pressing the hair to remove 50-60% of curl by applying the thermal pressing comb once on each side of the hair known as? | Soft press |
| What is the method of curling hair by winding a strand around the rod? | Spiral curl |
| What is the section of the pin curl between the base and first arc (turn) of the circle that gives the curl its definition and movement, also known as the hair between the scalp and the first turn of the roller? | Stem |
| What is a styling product that is applied to damp hair that is wavy, curly, or extremely curly and then blown dry the relax the hair and create a smooth, straight look? | Straightening gel |
| What is a process used to condition a new brass pressing comb so that it heats evenly? | Temper |
| What implements are made of quality steel and are used to curly dry hair? | Thermal iron |
| What is used on damp hair after applying product and before low drying to protect the hair from heat damage? | Thermal protection product (heat protectant) |
| What is a method of waving/curling straight or pressed dry hair using a thermal iron and special manipulative curling techniques? | Thermal waving and curling (Marcel waving) |
| What is a technique used for formal hairstyling that creates a conical shape look? | Twist (French pleat) |
| What is a hairstyle in which the hair is arranged up and off the shoulder? | Updo |
| What are thermal curls placed very high on base and produce maximum volume and lift? | Volume-base curls |
| What are styling products that add volume at the base when the wet hair is blown dry? | Volumizers |
| What create an S pattern in the hair to give it texture and volume? | Waves |
| What hairstyle is double-strand twisted or coil twisted and wrapped around itself to create a knot that are then secured with bobby pins or elastic bands? | Bantu/Nubian knots |
| What is created when Bantu knots are opened and released to create a wavy fuller loose curls? | Bantu knot-out style |
| What style involves braiding the hair when either wet or dry and then opening the braid to create a crimped texture-on-texture effect with added volume? | Braid-out set |
| What the technique of spiraling small sections of natural hair that has been gelled to create individual formations of tight, cylindrical coils? | Coils |
| What is created when the coil method is unraveled to create a fuller coils textured Afro style? | Coil-out |
| What is a technique that creates coil styles or locks by using individual formations of cylindrical coils by placing the comb at the base of the scalp and spiraling the hair into a coil? | Coil comb technique |
| What are narrow rows of visible braids that lie close to the scalp and are created with a three-strand, on-the-scalp braiding technique? | Cornrows (canerows) |
| What are double-strand twists that are interwoven to lie flat on the scalp with various patterns called? | Flat-twist |
| What is a simple two-strand braid in which hair is picked up from the sides and added to the strands as they are crossed over each other? | Fishtail braid |
| What is created when a flat-twist set is unraveled to make a loose, wavy texture on the entire head? | Glamour waves |
| What are two/three long, simple, inverted, thick cornrows created around the head by wrapping and pinning them to create a halo effect? | Halo braids |
| What is a three-strand braid that is produced with an overhand technique? | Invisible braid (inverted braid, French braid) |
| What are separate networks of curly, textured hair that have been intertwined and meshed together? | Locks |
| What type of hairstyling involves no chemicals or dyes and does not alter the natural curl or coil pattern of the hair? | Natural hairstyling |
| What technique of braiding involves the first side section going over the middle one and then the other side section going over the middle strand? | Overhand technique |
| What type of braids uses an overhand technique? | Invisible, inverted, French |
| What is a braid created with two strands that are twisted around each other? | Rope braid |
| What are free-hanging braids that can be executed using either an underhand or overhand technique? | Single braids (box braids) |
| What set can be done with rods, flexi-rods, or curl reformers of all sizes by wrapping the hair around a vertical rod in a spiral movement? | Spiral rod set |
| What is used to deeply hydrate, moisturize, and condition the hair with water vapor by opening the cuticle layer of the hair shaft and enabling nourishing protein conditioners and botanical oils to penetrate the cortex layer of hair? | Steamer |
| What set will elongate the natural frizzy hair and make a smooth-silky curl, wavy or zig-zag pattern when the hair is set wet or dry on natural curly or coil hair textures? | Textured sets and style |
| What is hair with a tight coil pattern categorized as? | Textured hair |
| What is rope effect on individual sections of hair made with a double stranded twist technique done by overlapping two strand sections of hair to form a candy cane effect? | Twisting |
| What is a braiding technique that involves the left strand going under the middle strand and the right strand also going under the middle strand? | Underhand technique |
| What is created when a double-stranded twist is unraveled to create a spirally, crimped effect? | Twist-out |
| What is a three-stand braid that is created using an underhand technique? | Visible braid |
| What is the coil configuration of textured hair called? | Wave pattern |
| What are hair extensions on a weft that are sewn/bonded onto a cornrow base to create longer, fuller, natural-looking hair called? | Weaving |
| What are some methods of weaving? | Bonding, fusion, braid-sew attachment, threading, and tubing |
| What is a head-shaped form, usually made of canvas-covered cork or Styrofoam, on which a wig is secured for fitting, cleaning, coloring, and styling? | Block |
| What is the method of attaching hair extensions in which hair wefts or single strands are attached with an adhesive or bonding agent called? | Bonding |
| What is the attachment method in which hair extensions are secured to the client’s own hair by sewing braids or a weft onto an on-the-scalp braid/cornrow (track)? | Braid-and-sew method |
| What are wigs constructed of elasticized, mesh-fiber bases to which the hair is attached called? | Cap wigs |
| What are machine-made wigs made of human/artificial hair that is woven into rows of wefts and then sewn to elastic strips in a circular pattern to fit the head shape called? | Capless (caps) wigs |
| What is hair that has been shed from the head or gathered from a hairbrush, causing the cuticles of the strands to move in different directions? | Fallen hair |
| What is a method of attaching extensions in which the hair is bonded to the client’s own hair with a bonding material that is activated by heat from a special tool? | Fusion bonding |
| What are hair additions that are secured to the base of the client’s natural hair in order to add length, volume, texture, or color? | Hair extensions |
| What is a small wig used to cover the top or crown of the head, OR a hair attachment of some sort called? | Hairpiece |
| What is a hairpiece that has openings in the base through which the client’s own hair is pulled through to blend with the hair of the hairpiece? | Integration hairpiece |
| What is a wig made by inserting individual strands of hair into mesh foundations and knotting them with a needle? | Hand-tied wig (hand-knotted wig) |
| What is a method of attaching hair extensions in which a hook is used to pick up a small amount of hair off a parting, which a link is then slid on close to the scalp and the extension is passed through and inserted to the link? | Linking |
| What type of wigs are made my machine by feeding wefts through a sewing machine and then sewing them together to form the base and shape of the wig? | Machine-made wig |
| What are wigs constructed with a combination of synthetic hair and hand-tied human hair? | Semi-hand-tied wigs |
| What is a bonding method that involves loose hair or wefts that are cut into very small sections? | Strand bonding |
| What is a small wig used to cover the top or crown of the head? | Toupee |
| What is hair in which the root end of every single strand is sewn into the base so that the cuticles of all hair strands move in the same downward direction? | Turned (Remi) hair |
| What are long strips of human or artificial hair with a threaded edge called? | Wefts |
| What is the artificial covering for the head consisting of a network of interwoven hair? | Wig |
| When smoothing hair that has been backcombed, what angle should the comb or brush be pointed away from you when moving it over the surface of the hair? | 45-degree angle |
| What styling product offers a firmer, longer hold for fine hair without the heaviness of other products? | Texturizers |
| What can be added to a dampened towel to use in wiping down a thermal iron to remove direct, oil, and product residue? | Ammonia |
| What is a technique used to temporarily straighten extremely curly or resistant hair until it is shampooed again? | Hair pressing |
| What are two ways to loosen a tight scalp? | Hair brushing and consistent use of scalp massages |
| What will one and a half turns create when doing a roller set? | Wave |
| How long should Velcro rollers stay in the hair? | 5-10 minutes |
| What type of thermal irons are preferred by stylists who cater to clients with excessively curly hair? | Nonelectric |
| What is the best way to practice manipulative techniques with thermal irons? | By rolling the cold iron in your hand, first forward and then backward |
| What two tools are used to create curls? | Thermal iron and hard rubber comb |
| Who is qualified to diagnose a scalp skin disease? | Dermatologist |
| What should the temperature of the comb or iron be when tempering it? | Extremely hot |
| What type of curl is recommended at the side front hairline to provide a smooth and upswept effect? | Rectangular base pin curls |
| What type of curl is usually recommended along the front of the facial hairline to prevent breaks or splits in the finished hairstyle? | Triangular base pin curl |
| What type of curl is suitable for curly hairstyles as well as any part of the head? | Square base pin curl |
| What part of the head is a typical place for skip curls? | Side of head |
| What are pin curls that are placed behind or below a ridge to form a wave called? | Ridge curls |
| What’s another name for stand-up curls? | Cascade curls |
| Which type of curls have large center openings and are fastened to the head in a standing position on a rectangular base? | Barrel curls |
| What is a half-round, rubber based-brush? | Classic styling brush |
| What is general an oval brush with a mixture of boar and nylon bristles? | Grooming brush |
| What is a thin, nylon styling brush that has a tail for sectioning and a narrow row of bristles? | Teasing brush |
| What type of brush is used to speed up the blow drying process? | Vent brush |
| What is another term for arc base pin curls? | Half-moon curls |
| What type of curl will one complete turn on a roller create? | C-shape |
| What type of rollers can only be used on dry hair? | Velcro |
| What is a section of hair that is molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls called? | Shaping |
| What type of comb removed definition from a manicure? | Fine-tooth comb |
| What type of curl is created when the thermal iron is held at a 70 degree angle? | Off-base curls |
| How can carbon be removed from the outside surface of a stove-heated pressing comb? | Fine, steel-wool pad |
| What is recommended to help repair and moisturize the hair and scalp the has been pressed? | Conditioning treatment mask |
| What braid style/length is recommended for a client with a square face? | Long, face-framing braids |
| What type of face shape is a long oval shape that requires more width at the sides when styling? | Elongated |
| What type of brush is recommended for stimulating the scalp and removing dirt and lint from locks? | Boar-bristle brush |
| What happens to curly hair as it dries after being braided wet? | Shrinks and recoils |
| What type of method is used when extensions are integrated into single braided natural hair? | Three-strand underhand technique |
| What did different styles of braiding once signify in some African tribes? | Social status |
| What is the difference between a wide-tooth and a fine-tooth comb? | Distance between teeth |
| Where is most human hair that is used in extensions imported from? | Asia |
| What dries the hair quickly, softens the hair, and makes it more manageable when combing and styling? | Blowdrying |
| What type of hair is best suited for a fishtail braid? | Non-layered, shoulder-length hair (or longer) |
| How long do tree braids take to complete? | 4 hours |
| During which developmental phase of locks can a bulb be felt at the end of each lock? | Sprouting stage |
| During which developmental phase of locks does the hair begin to regain length? | Growing stage |
| How does the lock feel during the first developmental phase of locks? | It has an open end |
| What is a braid created with two strands that are twisted around each other? | Rope braid |
| What are separate networks of curly, textured hair that have been intertwined and meshed together? | Locks |
| What is used to dry hair without disturbing the curl pattern or dehydrating the hair? | Diffuser |
| What is the practice of overlapping two strands to form a candy cane effect? | Twisting |
| What essential tool is used to create shapes and finished looks, as well as trimming bangs and excess material, in braiding? | Five-inch scissors |
| What tool is used to separate the hair as it is brushed through, making it an excellent detangling comb for wet curly hair? | Double-tooth comb |
| What tool is used for cutting small sections and should only be used after hair has been blown dry? | Cutting comb |
| What is a useful tool for lifting and separating textured hair? | Rounded-tooth pick |
| What type of brush is good for releasing tangles, knots, and snarls in short, textured hair as well as long, straight hair? | Square paddle brush |
| What is a benefit of mixing human and yak hair together? | It helps remove manufactured shine |
| What method builds up the braid strand by strand with extension hair fibers? | Feed-in |
| How long is a typical finishing comb? | 8-10 inches |
| What is a flat leather pad with very close, fine teeth that sandwiches human hair extensions called? | Drawing board |
| What should a cosmetologist pay attention to when doing an analysis of a client’s hair and scalp prior to a braiding service? | Hair type and texture, scalp abrasions, hair thinning/balding, and curl configuration |
| What is another term for a wave pattern? | Coil configuration |
| What is the fastest way to determine whether a strand of hair is synthetic or not? | By burning it |
| What is the goal when cutting a wig? | Make it appear more realistic |
| What is the least-expensive method of constructing a wig? | Machine-made |
| What type of shampoo bases should be avoided when shampooing a wig? | Sulfur base |
| How many standard colors are there for wigs according to the hair color ring used by manufacturers? | 70 |
| What type of stitch involves the thread being wound around the needle twice? | Double-lock stitch |
| What method involves attaching hair wefts or single strands with an adhesive? | Bonding |
| What bonding method of attaching hair requires the bonding material to be activated by heat? | Fusion-bonding |
| What should the styling tool be set on when using heat on human hair? | Low |
| What type of bristle material is best suited for human hair? | Natural boar |
| How is a hair wrap secured to the client’s own hair? | Hairpins |
| What type of needles should be avoided when attaching hair with the braid-and-sew method? | Sharp |
| How far away should one work from the hairline when bonding to keep the wefts from showing? | 1 inch |
| How long must the natural hair be to use the linking method? | 5 inches |
| What is a long strip of hair with a threaded edge? | Weft |
| What is a hair addition that is secured to the base of the client’s natural hair in order to add length, volume, texture, or color known as? | Hair extension |
| What type of wig is created by inserting individual strands of hair into mesh foundations and knotting them with a needle? | Hand-tied wig |
| What type of hair is usually wavy? | Indian hair |
| What is the head size range for average wigs? | 21.5-22.5 inches |
| What is a simple, quick stitch that can be used to secure the entire length of a weft to a track called? | Overcast stitch |
| What is a type of hair extension that covers the entire top/back of the head to give the client long, full curls? | Cascading curls |
| What is the best choice for dye if the human hair wig is porous? | Semipermanent |
| What type of hair provides an excellent base to add color to? | Yak hair |
| What test is the best way to gauge how realistic a wig looks? | Wind test |
Created by:
Elyse1901
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