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401 Key Terms
Role of Finance/Accounting
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cloud storage | Online storage that enables users to upload, store, and access their files via the Internet; users' files are maintained by a third-party at a remote database storage facility |
| Cookie | Text files that are put on a website visitor's hard disk and then later retrieved during subsequent visits to the site in order to track internet behavior. Mechanisms used by websites to track users' browsing histories |
| Data migration | the process of transferring data between storage types, formats, or computer systems |
| Data processing | Handling information, especially facts. Converting facts and figures into useful information. Analyzing collected facts and figures and putting them into formats useful to a business |
| Data | Facts and figures |
| Database | Computerized storage for information and facts |
| Hardware | The physical components of a computer systems (e.g., the central processing unit, hard drive, modem). |
| Information system | set of coordinated network of components, which act together towards producing, distributing and/or processing information. |
| Information technology | integration of computer with telecommunication equipment for retrieving, manipulation, and storage of data |
| Intranet | An internal network similar to the Internet that is accessible only by authorized personnel; used to access information and communicate with others within an organization. A computer network that is restricted to the organization it serves, an internal In |
| Software | Programs that instruct computers to perform specific operations |
| Application programs | Programs that people use to get their work done |
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) | A particular computer will have a particular type of processor |
| Computer system | Consists of hardware (physical parts of the computer) and software (programs and data used with the physical computer |
| Embedded system | A computer system that is part of a larger machine and which controls how that machine operates. |
| Input devices | Keyboard, mouse, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and microphones; a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing systems |
| Main memory | Closely connected to the processor, stored data are quickly and easily changed, holds the programs and data that the processor is actively working with. |
| Motherboard | Components are connected to the main circuit board of the computer. |
| Network | Consists of two or more computers connected so that they can exchange data and programs |
| Operating system | Responsible for starting up application programs, running them, and managing the resources that they need |
| Output device | Monitor, printer, speakers; any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human-readable form |
| Processor | Contains billions of transistors; responsible for the fundamental computing within the system, and directly or indirectly controls all the other components |
| RAM (Random Access Memory) | "Random" means that the memory cells can be accessed in any order. The type of silicon chip used to implement main memory. |
| ROM (Read Only Memory) | Used to make a section of main memory read-only. |
| Secondary memory | Connected to main memory, stored data are easily changed, but changes are slow compared to main memory, and used for long-term storage of programs and data |
| Computer-aided design (CAD) | The use of computer technology to plan, design, test, and alter products |
| Computer aided manufacturing (CAM) | The use of computer software to control machines, tools, and processes involved in manufacturing products |
| Expert system | Computer software designed to mimic the knowledge of a human expert |
| Global positioning system (GPS) | A navigational system that uses satellite technology to determine location and provide directions |
| Hardware | The physical components of a computer system (e.g., the central procession unit, hard drive, modem) |
| Internet telephony | Technology that allows users to communicate over the internet rather than through traditional public network |
| Network | A system of computers connected together by telephones wires, cable wires, or other means |
| Personal identification number (PIN) | A number you choose to gain access to an account |
| Satellite | An object placed into orbit by humans; most are used for communications purposes |
| Smartphone | A mobile phone with advanced capabilities, such as accessing the Internet |
| Software | Programs that instruct computers to perform specific operations |
| Technoology | The practical application of science to society and industry |
| Telecommuting | Working from home or remote location |
| Voice over inter Protocol (VolP0 | Technology that allows users to make telephone calls over the Internet |
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