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Parasite/pathogen

Coinfections and virulence II

QuestionAnswer
Anthropocene - Humanity’s influence is causing climate change and drastic changes in species richness
Anthropocene 1: climate change Coevolution may increase or decrease the effect of environmental change, depending on the type of interaction between species Antagonistic = reduced effects Mutualistic = increased effects+ higher extinction
Manipulation biodiversity We live at a time when we are increasingly manipulating much of Earth’s biodiversity for our own ends - Antibiotics - Selective breeding - RAPID changes
Anthropocene 2: species on the move - loss of evolutionary hotspots - species jumps
Emerging infectious disease HIV-1 100% fatality rate 30 million deaths
Anthropocene: ‘take back control’ by harnessing coevolution FMT (fecal microbiota transplantation) Bioremediation
Defence symbionts - one that assists the hosts by fighting off the host pathogens - Virus resistance and mechanism to spread
Bioremediation In bacteria, Heavy metal bioremediation is a ‘public good’ Siderophores in bacteria scavenge free iron in the environment
Heavy metal contamination - big problem
Other applied benefits Predictive power: e.g. in response to applied disease control, extinction risks Harness evolution: Evolve less harmful parasites Novel therapeutics: phage therapy* Defensive symbionts – FMT and wolbachia Heavy metal bioremediation
Phage therapy - use of bacteriophages to treat pathogenic bacterial infections
Manipulating virulence? - effects vaccination development - can we manipulate pathogens to decrease virulence? - multiple strains to avirulent (not toxic)?
Created by: reub8n
Popular Ecology sets

 

 



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