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Unit 5 Key Terms
Business Essentials
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cloud storage: | Online storage that enables uers to upload, store, and acces their files via the internet; users' files are maintained by a third-party at a remote database storage facility. |
Cookies: | Text files that are put on a website visitor's hard disk and then later retrieved during subsequent visits to the site in order to track internet behavior. Mechanisms used by websites to track users' browsing histories. |
Data migration: | The process of transferring data between storage types, formats, or computer systems. |
Data procesing: | Handling information, especially facts. Converting facts and figures into useful information. Analyzing collected facts and figures and putting them into formats useful to a business. |
Data: | Facts and figures. |
Database: | Computerized storage for information and facts. |
Hardware: | The physical components of a computer system (e.g., the central processing unit, hard drive, modem). |
Information system: | set of coordinated network of components, which act together towards producing, distributing and/or procesing information. |
Informtion technology: | integration of computer with telecommunication equipment for retrieving, manipulating, and storage of data. |
Intranet: | An internal network similar to the internet that is accesible only by authorized personnel: used to access information and communicate with others within an organization. A computer network that is restricted to the organization it serves, an internla in |
Software: | Programs that instruct computers to perform specific operations. |
Application programs: | Programs that people use to get their work done. |
Central processing unit (CPU): | A particular computer will have a particular type of processor. |
Computer system: | Consists of hardware (physical parts of the computer) and software (programs and data used with the physical computer). |
Embedded system: | A computer system that is part of a larger machine and which controls how that machine operates. |
Input devices: | Keyboards, mouse, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and microphones; a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to a information processing system. |
Main memory: | Closely connected to the processor, stored data are quickly and easily changed, holds the programs and data that the processor is actively working with. |
Motherboard: | Components are connected to the main circuit board of the computer. |
Network: | Consists of two or more computers connected so that they can exchange data and programs. |
Operating system: | Responsible for starting up application programs, running them, and managing the resources that they need. |
Output decive: | Monitor, printer, speakers, any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human-readable form. |
Procesor: | Contains billions of transistor; responsible for the fundamental computing within the system, and directly or indirectly controls all the other components. |
RAM (Random Acces Memory) | "Random" means that the memory cells can be accessed in any order. The type of silicon chip used to implement main memory. |
ROM (Read Only Memory): | Used to make a section of main memory read-only. |
Secondary memory: | Connected to main memory, stored data are easily changed, but changes are slow compared to main memory, and used for lon-term storage of programs and data. |
Computer-aided desing (CAD) | The use computer technology to plan, desing, test, and alter products. |
Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) | The use of computer software to control machines, tools, and processes involved in manufacturing products. |
Expert system: | Computer sofware designed to mimic the knowledge of a human expert. |
Global positioning system (GPS): | A navigational system that uses satellite technoloy to determine location and provide directions. |
Harware: | The physical components of a computer system (e.g., the central processing unit, hard drive, modem). |
Internet telephony: | Technology that allows users to communicate over the internet rather that through tradional public networks. |
Network: | A system of computers connected together by telephone wires, cable wires, or other means. |
Personal identification number (PIN) | A number you choose to gain access to an account. |
Satellite: | An object placed into orbit by humans; most are used for communications purposes. |
Smartphone: | A mobile phone with advance capabilities, such as accessing the Internet. |
Software: | Programs that instruct computers to perform specific operations. |
Technology: | The practical application of science to society and industry. |
Telecommuting: | Working from home or a remote location. |
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) | Technology that allows user to make telephone calls over the internet. |