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Perry details

Cambridge International Perry details

QuestionAnswer
What is the psychology being investigated? Interpersonal distance, oxytocin and empathy.
Background: what were the 4 types of interpresonal distance identified by Hall? Public, Social, Personal, Intimate
What is the Social Salience Hypothesis? The theory that oxytocin will affect people differently
What does CID stand for, and what does it mean? Comfortable Interpersonal Distance - how close you are happy for people to get to you
What is the aim of this study? To test the effects of oxytocin and empathy on a person's comfortable interpersonal distance
What type of study was this? Lab experiment
How many participants were involved? 54
Give other details we know about the sample All male, aged 19-32 (mean: 25yrs) volunteers, undergraduate students from University of Haifa, Isreal
One independent variable was the participants' level of empathy. How was this operationalised? They were given the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, a questionnaire
Another IV is whether the participant was given oxytocin or a placebo. Describe the placebo A 250ml sterile saline solution
In Experiment 1, what were the four figures that participants were told were approaching them? Stranger, Friend, Authority figure, Ball
Why did they include a ball in Experiment 1? To test whether OT would give participants more comfort with any figure, or just human figures
In Experiment 1, how long did it take the figure to reach the inner figure? 3 seconds
What was the main DV in Experiment 1? CID - as measured by the percentage of the distance before they pressed the button
Give data to describe the results of Experiment 1 for those given OT If they had high IRI, their CID was lower than if they had high IRI
Give data to describe the results of Experiment 1 for those given the placebo CID was similar between high and low IRI, though high IRI had slightly lower CID
Other than IRI score, what was the IV in Experiment 2? The distance between chairs and the angle of the chairs in the room
What were they told was going to happen in the room in two weeks? They would be having a personal conversation with a stranger
Describe the results of Experiment 2 Participants who scored highly on the IRI and were given OT chose chair distances that were significantly closer than others. Those with low IRI empathy chose chairs that were further apart.
How does this study support the Social Salience Hypothesis? OT affected people differently, depending on whether they had high or low IRI
Does this study have high or low ecological validity? Explain why. Low, because they were making judgements on a computer rather than real interactions
Does this study have high or low population validity? Explain why. Low, because all participants were male, young and from one location
Created by: MrSamBlakeley
 

 



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