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FOB Chpt. 17
Chapter 17: Accounting and Finance
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Accounting | the language of business |
Managerial Accountants | internal support of accounting, gives information for decision makers within the company |
Financial Accountants | external communicators, responsible for company financial statements |
Secured Debt | borrowing money by presenting collateral (mortgage) |
Unsecured Debt | borrowing money with no collateral |
Equity | raising funds by selling a portion of ownership in the company |
Income Statement | Revenues = Sales Cost of Goods Sold Gross Profit = Sales - COGS Operating Expenses Net Income = Gross margin - operating expenses |
Balance Sheet | Assets and Liabilities |
Assets | cash/savings, receivables, and property |
Liabilities | car loans, payables, mortgage, student loan |
Accounting Equation | Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity |
Owner's Equity | the difference between assets and liabilities |
Liquidity | how quickly assets can be turned into cash |
Profitability Ratios | measures how effectively a firm’s managers are using the firm’s resources to achieve profits (ex. earnings per share) |
Breakeven Point | Fixed Costs/Contribution Margin = units |
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) | federal agency that regulates stock trades and ensured that companies tell the truth with respect to their financial positions |
Efficiency Ratios | how well your assets are being managed |