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Which of the following statements describes a feature shared by mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum that increases the efficiency of their basic functions?
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Which of the following best describes a process that occurs within the Golgi complex?
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AP BIO
Semester test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statements describes a feature shared by mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum that increases the efficiency of their basic functions? | They have highly folded membranes. |
| Which of the following best describes a process that occurs within the Golgi complex? | Enzymatic modification of newly synthesized integral membrane proteins |
| Which of the following functional differences between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is explained by the structural differences between them? | Rough can synthesize and package proteins for export, and smooth cannot. |
| Based on the model, the newly synthesized protein is transported directly from the endoplasmic reticulum to which of the following? | The Golgi complex |
| Which of the following is a scientific claim about how the structure of the mitochondria in muscle cells should be different than it is in other cells because of the high energy demands of mitochondria? | The inner membrane of the mitochondria in muscle cells should have more folds to increase the surface area, allowing more to be synthesized. |
| Which of the following accurately describes a model of active transport? | A membrane protein binds a specific molecule outside of the cell and moves the molecule into the cell where there is already a high concentration of the molecule compared with the outside. |
| Which of the following best explains how the extensive folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane benefits a eukaryotic cell? | It increases the area available for proteins involved in energy transfer. |
| Which of the following claims is scientifically accurate and consistent with an observation that a decrease in lysosome production within a cell leads to a decline in mitochondrial activity? | Fewer lysosomes will be available to break down macromolecules to provide the necessary nutrients for cellular respiration. |
| Which of the following outcomes will most likely result from a loss of ion pump function in the cell’s lysosomes? | The internal of the lysosomes will increase, which will prevent the activation of hydrolytic enzymes and interfere with the intracellular digestion of food. |
| Water enters and leaves the plant cells primarily by | Osmosis |
| If, instead of the bag, a potato slice were placed in the beaker of distilled water, which of the following would be true of the potato slice? | It would gain mass. |
| Which of the following scientific questions is most relevant to the model represented in the figure above? | Which molecular substance is actively transported across the plasma membrane? |
| Intravenous (IV) solutions administered to patients are normally isotonic. Which of the following is most likely if an IV of distilled water is administered to a patient? | The cells that are exposed to hypotonic solutions will expand as water moves osmotically into the cells from the blood. |
| Which of the following best predicts which diagrammed microscope view the laboratory worker would see and best explains why? | View 2 because the rate of water movement into the RBCs equals the rate of water movement out of the cells |
| Which of the following experimental designs will result in the fastest net rate of water movement into chamber A? | Placing salt water in chamber A and distilled water in chamber B |
| To model a plant cell, a permeable, nonflexible case is placed around each piece of dialysis tubing. The greatest pressure potential will develop within dialysis tube number | 4 |
| If ADH secretion is inhibited, which of the following would initially result? | The person would produce greater amounts of dilute urine. |
| Which of the following statements best helps explain how the enzyme speeds up the reaction? | The enzyme’s active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which the activation energy of the reaction. |
| Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of increasing the concentration of substrate (ethyl alcohol), while keeping the concentration of the inhibitor (methyl alcohol) constant? | Competitive inhibition will decrease because the proportion of the active sites occupied by substrate will increase. |
| Which of the following functional differences between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is explained by the structural differences between them? | Rough can synthesize and package proteins for export, and smooth cannot. |
| Which of the following best describes the numbered areas? | Areas 1 and 3 are polar, since the membrane molecules are aligned with water molecules. |
| Which statement best explains the orientation of the phospholipid molecules in this model? | The hydrophilic phosphate groups of the phospholipid molecules are attracted to the aqueous internal and external environments. |
| Which of the following describes the most likely relationship between transpiration and water intake in the plant? | Transpiration from the leaves of the plant stimulates subsequent water intake by the roots of the plant. |
| If ATP breakdown (hydrolysis) is inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited? | Passage of a solute against its concentration gradient |
| Which of the following data would support the alternative hypothesis? | Cells with mutated aquaporins exhibit moderate turgor pressure and are hypertonic. |
| Which statement best describes the effect on water transport across the cell membrane if the aquaporin in the figure ceases to function? | Water molecules will still be able to move across the cell membrane but at a slower rate. |
| Which investigation will help determine whether the new membrane protein is a channel protein involved in membrane transport? | Add more of the proteins to the plasma membrane and measure the rate of the particle movement. |
| Which of the following components of the cell membrane is responsible for active transport? | Protein |
| Which of the following, if true about the drug, best supports the alternative hypothesis that the new drug will exhibit simple diffusion across plasma membranes? | The drug is a small nonpolar molecule. |
| Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes? | Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the phospholipids are hydrophobic. |
| If, instead of the bag, a potato slice were placed in the beaker of distilled water, which of the following would be true of the potato slice? | It would gain mass. |
| Which of the following scientific questions is most relevant to the model represented in the figure above? | Which molecular substance is actively transported across the plasma membrane? |
| Intravenous (IV) solutions administered to patients are normally isotonic. Which of the following is most likely if an IV of distilled water is administered to a patient? | The cells that are exposed to hypotonic solutions will expand as water moves osmotically into the cells from the blood. |
| Which of the following best predicts which diagrammed microscope view the laboratory worker would see and best explains why? | View 2 because the rate of water movement into the RBCs equals the rate of water movement out of the cells |
| Which of the following experimental designs will result in the fastest net rate of water movement into chamber A? | Placing salt water in chamber A and distilled water in chamber B |
| To model a plant cell, a permeable, nonflexible case is placed around each piece of dialysis tubing. The greatest pressure potential will develop within dialysis tube number | 4 |
| If ADH secretion is inhibited, which of the following would initially result? | The person would produce greater amounts of dilute urine. |
| Which of the following statements best helps explain how the enzyme speeds up the reaction? | The enzyme’s active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which the activation energy of the reaction. |
| Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of increasing the concentration of substrate (ethyl alcohol), while keeping the concentration of the inhibitor (methyl alcohol) constant? | Competitive inhibition will decrease because the proportion of the active sites occupied by substrate will increase. |
| Which of the following functional differences between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is explained by the structural differences between them? | Rough can synthesize and package proteins for export, and smooth cannot. |
| Which of the following best describes the numbered areas? | Areas 1 and 3 are polar, since the membrane molecules are aligned with water molecules. |
| Which statement best explains the orientation of the phospholipid molecules in this model? | The hydrophilic phosphate groups of the phospholipid molecules are attracted to the aqueous internal and external environments. |
| Which of the following describes the most likely relationship between transpiration and water intake in the plant? | Transpiration from the leaves of the plant stimulates subsequent water intake by the roots of the plant. |
| If ATP breakdown (hydrolysis) is inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited? | Passage of a solute against its concentration gradient |
| Which of the following data would support the alternative hypothesis? | Cells with mutated aquaporins exhibit moderate turgor pressure and are hypertonic. |
| Which statement best describes the effect on water transport across the cell membrane if the aquaporin in the figure ceases to function? | Water molecules will still be able to move across the cell membrane but at a slower rate. |
| Which investigation will help determine whether the new membrane protein is a channel protein involved in membrane transport? | Add more of the proteins to the plasma membrane and measure the rate of the particle movement. |
| Which of the following components of the cell membrane is responsible for active transport? | Protein |
| Which of the following, if true about the drug, best supports the alternative hypothesis that the new drug will exhibit simple diffusion across plasma membranes? | The drug is a small nonpolar molecule. |
| Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes? | Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the phospholipids are hydrophobic. |
| Which of the following is the correct explanation for the data? | The contraction rate increases as the osmolarity decreases because the amount of water entering the paramecia by osmosis increases. |
| Which investigation will help determine whether the new membrane protein is a channel protein involved in membrane transport? | Add more of the proteins to the plasma membrane and measure the rate of the particle movement. |
| Which of the following components of the cell membrane is responsible for active transport? | Protein |
| Which of the following, if true about the drug, best supports the alternative hypothesis that the new drug will exhibit simple diffusion across plasma membranes? | The drug is a small nonpolar molecule. |
| Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes? | Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the phospholipids are hydrophobic. |
| Which of the following is the correct explanation for the data? | The contraction rate increases as the osmolarity decreases because the amount of water entering the paramecia by osmosis increases. |
Created by:
ameliabeth06