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The _______ is an awareness between a person's behavior and experiences, and the wider culture that shaped the person's choices and perceptions.
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A group of people who share a culture and territory is known as a(n)
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NightingaleSociology
| The _______ is an awareness between a person's behavior and experiences, and the wider culture that shaped the person's choices and perceptions. | Sociological Imagination |
| A group of people who share a culture and territory is known as a(n) | Society |
| Auguste Comte was one of the early thinkers who contributed to | Sociology |
| The phrase"survival of the fittest" was coined by | Emile Durkheim |
| ______ Believed the rise of capitalim in the west led to great disparities between the factory owners and the laborers | Karl Marx |
| When research has reliability, this means | It can be repeated and get the same result |
| Which of the following is a research method some sociologists will use to test their questions? | Secondary data, Surveys, Interviews |
| Emile Durkheim | Wrote a famous ook on Suicide showing it was a social fact, not individual decision |
| _______ is a micro theory that studies the meanings people give to symbols | Symbolic interaction |
| This macro theory views society like a human body, showing how all the parts work together to benefit the whole. | Functionalism |
| True or false: Functionalism and Conflict theory are both micro theories | False |
| The way of life shared by a group of people is their: | Culture |
| True or False: Examples of material culture include language, values, and norms | False |
| Cultural values are______ while cultural beliefs are_______. You can "touch" ______ culture but you cannot touch _______ culture it is. | Broad-Specific Material culture- nonmaterial culture |
| True or False: According to the theory of Linguistic Relativity, the language you speak is the foundation of you culture and shapes the way you see the world. | True |
| According to the text, countercultures: | Have different expectations and values when compared with mainstream society |
| While______ is when we think our own culture is superior to other cultures, _______ is when we take an objective stance and understand a culture within its own context. Both of these are rooted in our cultural _____ and ______. | Ethnocentrism- cultural relativism Values- beliefs |
| Cultural imperialism is when: | One culture imposes itself on another |
| Subcultures can be thought of as "half in and half out" of the dominant culture while counter cultures (check all that apply) | Are in direct opposition to the dominant culture Have their own set of values, norms, and believes |
| True or False: One's desire for personal space is an example of material culture. | False |
| What are the various types of norms in any given society? | Mores, Taboos, Folkways, Laws |
| While breaking a_______ is desirable but no strictly enforced, breaking a_____ can give us feelings of disgust. A _____ is more severe than a folkway, but less severe than a_____. | Folkway- Taboo More- Law |
| _______ is the foundation of all culture because without it, we wouldn't be able to transmit culture around. | Language |
| If you kill another person, you have violated a society's | Laws |
| When people break norms, they receive | Sanctions |
| What is considered the blueprint for society, or the standards set that determine what is appropriate? | Norms |
| Clearly outline Emile Durkheims view of society using specifics (anomie, types of social solidarity, collective conscious, etc) | Durkheim believed that society is a living organism and that each and every member plays a role. The colective conscience is communal beliefs, moralsm and attitudes of society. Anomie is used to describe why crime rates are increasing. Suicide will increa |
| Marx's view of society | Economic base determined the social superstructure (politics, culture, institutions). Superstructure reflected the ruling class. Alienation which caused division of labor under capitalism. |
| Max Weber's view of society | Multideimensional. It is a complex nature that is shaped by different social forces. The modern world is defined by rationalization. The iron cage is a metaphor for a modern system of dehumanizing society. authority: Traditional, Charistmatic, Rationalleg |
| Sociolization takes place: | Throughout the life course |
| The basic building block of sociolization through which a child becomes shaped into a human being, learns its culture, and becomes a member of society is: | The process of interaction |
| What is an example of an agent of sociolization? | Family, Religion, Peer Groups |
| In response to the question "what is more important- Nature or nurture?" Sociologiss tend to respond: | A combination of nature and nurture |
| According to the hidden curriculum, | Teachers actively socialize children according to societal standards are not always aware that they do it. |
| True or False: Anticipatory socialization is the preparation for future life roles like parenting, finances, and healthcare | True |
| The process of abandoning one or more social positions for others that are more suitable is called resocialization. | Resocialization |
| The most common way resocialization occurs is: | In a total institution |
| ______ refers to the perceptions we have of who we are or our distinct identity | The self |
| True or False: According to theorist George Mead, the generalized other is the common behavioral expectation in general society. | True |
| Our social networks include: | Private interactions, Small groups, Global organizations |
| Societies are filled with Governances, which are collectives purposely constructed to achieve particular ends. | Organizations |
| The main purpose of a bureaucracy is to: | Maximise efficiecy |
| Which of the followinf is one of Weber's types of authority? | Rational- Legal, Traditional, Charismatic |
| True or False: While primary groups are those further from you personally, secondary groups are those you consider to be in your "inner circle" and are much closer to you on a personal level. | False |
| Organizations and bureaucracies experienced several types of conflicts as society transitioned through the Industrial, Post industrial, and digital ages. What are some examples? | Oligarchies, Gender and race discrimination, Sexual Harassment |
| A network organization arose due to the rise of technology and is fundamentally different from previous models in what ways? | They have a flat structure instead of a hierarchy |
| True or False: Utilitarian organizations that are joined to fill a specific material need. | True |
| True or False: Conformity is the extent to which an individual complies with group or societal norms. | True |
| Social class is measured based on income but also includes_______. One's occupational prestige is also a factor but one's _______ is not. Both_____ and ____ are not included when measuring ones social class. | Income-Education Occupational Prestige- Politics Religion- Birth |
| _____ refers to the extent and direction of individual movement in the social stratification system. | Social Mobility |
| First- Generation college graduates who become physicians reflect: | Intergenerational mobility |
| True or False: A nations geographic location has little impact on the oppurtunities available to individials in that nation. | False |
| True or False: While social class is how much money you have, stratification is where you rank in society based on social class. | True |
| ______is a system in which people are born into a social standing that they will retain their entire lives. | Caste System |
| The____ of poverty refers to the trend in which single females with children make up a growing proportion of those in poverty. | Feminization |
| Two important concepts for measuring economic inequality are: | Income, Wealth |
| True or False: If Omar is born into upper class, he has an increased likelihood of remaining in the upper class while if Elizabeth is born into a lower class, she has an increased likelihood of remaining in the lower class. | True |
| _______ is a socioeconomic system that divides societys members into categories ranking from high to low, based on things like wealth, power, and prestige. | Stratification |
| Which sociological theory views stratification as a system that perpetuates inequality? | Conflict Theory |
| Which sociological theory views stratification as a sytem that rewards more important work with high pay to motivate talented people to achieve these positions? | Functionalism |
| Which sociological theory views stratification as a system that involves meaning that is attached to things like consumption habits and social standing? | Symbolic Interactionism |
| Which sociological theory views global stratification as a system that values industrialization to improve global economic standing? | Modernization Theory |
| Cuba might be classified as which kind of nation? | Peripheral |
| Slavery in the pre-Civil War US South most closely resembled: | Chattel Slavery |
| Which of the following best describes what sociology studies? | Society and Social interaction |
| According to C. Wright Mills, the ability to understand the complex interactive relationship between individual experiences and public issues is called: | Sociological Imagination |
| Which sociological theory takes a micro level focus of society? | Symbolic Interactionism |
| Qualitative data involves the use of ______ and______ while Quantitative data involves the use of ______ and ______. | Descriptive Information-Field Research Statistics- Numerical Data |
| ________ is when a researcher studies a cultural group within its natural environment. | Field Research |
| True or False: Reliability means the research methods are repeatable and validity means the methods are accurate | True |
| The way of life shared by a group of people is their: | Culture |
| A______ is a type of norm that causes one to feel a level of repulsion and disgust. | Taboo |
| Violations of norms and rules that are written into law are officially called______. | Law |
| Which major sociological theorist founded Conflict Theory? | Karl Marx |
| True or False: Examples of material culture include language, values, and norms. | False |
| True or False: According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, the language you speak is the foundation of your culture and shapes the way you see the world. | True |
| According to sociologists, countercultures: | Reject some of the larger culture's normans and values |
| Sociolization takes place: | Throughout the life course |
| According to Marx, the ______ own the means of production. | Bourgeoisie |
| Organic solidarity is most likely to exis in which type of society? | Industrial |
| Which of the following is typically the earlies agent of socializatioin? | Family |
| Why are wealthy parents more likely than poor parents to socialize their children toward creativity and problem solving? | They are socializing their children toward the skills of white-collar employment, |
| Which theory suggest deviance is learned behavior from who you associate with? | Differential Association |
| The main purpose of bureaucracy is to: | Maximize efficiency |
| Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bureaucracies? | Coercion to join |
| True or False: While social class is how much money you have, staritification is where you rank in society based on social class. | True |
| Which of the following are dominant capitalist countries? | Core Nations |
| Dependancy theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: | Core nations explioit peripheral nations and semi-peripheral nations. |
| A ______ is a group within the human species that is identified by a society as presumably having certain biologically inherited physic al characteristics | Race |
| While race might reflect our biological heritage,________ reflects our cultural heritage. | Ethnicity |
| What major institutions contribute to institutional racism? | Poverty, education, criminal Justice |
| The term _______ refers to "identification as someone who is challenging, questioning, or changing gender from that assigned at birth to a chosen gender" | Transgender |
| Ageism: | Is experienced differently by demographinc. Is the unjust treatment of someone based of thier age. Can be experienced by any age group. |
| True or False: The Life Course Perspective is a theoretical tool that studies aging from childhood to old age. | True |
| Molecular and cellular changes are_______ causes of aging while smoking, poor diet, and lack of exercise are_____ causes aging. Aging is both a ______ process and a______ process. | Primary-Secondary Biological-Social |
| True or False: Disengagement Theory is Functionalist Perspective that studies the "natural" process of withdrawl from active social life. | True |
| Why is the family known as "the most basic institution of a society"? | It affects us most of the time and for most of our lives |
| True or False: The Nuclear Family consists of mom, dad, and children and has been increasing over the past several decades. | False |
| Why are some couples choosing to cohabitate before marriage? | Some couples view cohabitation as a way to test their compatibility and commitment before tying the knot. They want to see if they can live together and handle the challenges of life |
| True or False: Values are often trasmitted from the family of orientation to the family of procreation. | False |
| Children who live with married parents grow up with more advantages than children who live with: | Divorced parent single parent grandparent *****All of the above****** |
| True or False: While polyandry is being married to more than one woman, polygamy is being married to more than one man. | False |
| In which part of the family life cycle, do sociologists point to as the most stressful time for a marriage? | The birth of the first child |
| Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence?(IPV) | One in five woman will experience IPV |
| Which sociological theory argue that experiences and beliefs are sacred because we decide they mean something? | Symbolic Interactionism |
| True of False: Education is the major agent of socialization that follows the familly, teaching them how to socialize and integrate into society. | True |
| ______ involves ideas around religion while ______involves practices that reinforce religious ideas. Those are both included in _______ as well as ________ religions | Values- Beliefs Monotheism-Polytheism |
| Which of the following is not a type of religious organization? | Animism |
| Secularism is: | The decline of religous influence Religion is removed from other institutions and concentraded in its own structural borders |
| _____ is the belief in multiple gods. | Polytheism |
| True or False: Hinduism is the third largest of the worlds religions, which holds the belief in a divine power that can manifest different entities | True |
| True or False: Education is the major agent of socialization that follows the family, teaching them how to socialize and intergrate into society | True |
| Which type of education teaches children cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors? | Informal education |
| True or False: The hidden cirriculum is the subtle norms and values that reinforces the position of those with high cultural capital | True |
| Which sociological theory argues that the education gap is the root of social inequality? | Conflict Theory |
| While charter schools, private schools, and home schooling can be more suitable options for some students, the trend to gravitate to these educational arrangements does what for public schools? | The public school is left where it is and still failing its student because the fundemental problem isn't being addressed |
| What term describes the separation of students based on merit? | Sorting |
| Becuase she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of: | Cultural innovation |
| ______ aims to understand the mechanisms and roots of gender inequality in education as well as their societal repercussions. | Feminist theory |
| True or False: Recessions are much longer economic slowdowns than depressions. | False |
| How did the agricutural revolution contribute to the development of an economy? | The use of primitive tools and animals enabled more time to be freed creating the needs for jobs like processing goods and taking care of animals. |
| When an economy develops into a quaternary stage, what does this look like? | It produces innovative ideas through technology, education, and the arts. |
| What economic system predominantly exists in the US? | Capitalism |
| True or False: While unemployment means there is a lack of jobs available, under-employment menas there are jobs but most part beneath ones skillset and or part eime with no benefits. | True |
| Which sociological theory studies aspects of the economy like career inheritance, meaning children who will inherit the careers of their parents? | Symbolic Interactionism |
| ______ is an internationally integrated economic links that connect workers and corporations for the purpose of manufacturing and marketing. | Global commodity chains |
| When did the first economies begin to develop? | When people began to grow crops and domesticate animals |
| A societal level of disjuncture between people seeking jobs and the jobs available is known as | Structural unemployment |
| In which sector of the economy would someone working as a software developer be? | Quaternary |
| ______are where products are assembled over the course of several international transactions | Outsourcing |
| True or False: Xenophobia is an illogical fear or even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods | True |
| If someone does not earn enough money to pay for the essentials of life, they are said to be | Absolutely poor |
| Who was the leading theorist that developed socialism? | Karl Marx |
| True or False: Mercantilism is an economic policy based on national policies of accumulating silver and gold by controlling markets with colonies and other countries through taxes and customs charges | True |
| The study of human populations is known as: | Demography |
| Describe sustainable development in your own words | Sustainable development is a holistic approach to creating balance between economic developmement, social progress, and environmental protection to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations |
| What do we mean by carrying capacity? | The amount of life that can be supported sustainably in a particular environment |
| What led to the creation of exurbs? | Urban sprawl and crowds moving into the city |
| Describe gentrification | Gentrification refers to the process of revitalizing or upgrading deteriorated urban area such as housing, infastructure, and community development. Rich people invest into it. |
| _____ suggests people of color are more likely to be exposed to pollution bases on the neighborhoods they live in. | Environmental racism |
| What are the ways the human activity impacts water supply? | creating sewage, spreading chemicals, increasing radioactivity |
| True or False: Refugees are defined as an individual who has been forced to leave his or her country to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster, while asylum-seekers are those who claim refugee status has been validated. | True |
| ______ is another word for hydraulic fracturing, a method used to recover gas and oil from shale by drilling down into the earth and directing a high pressure mixture of water, sand and proprietary chemicals into the rock. | Fracking |
| True of False: Cornucopian theory scoffs at the idea of humans wiping themselves out. It asserts that human ingenuity can resolve any environmental or social issues that develop | True |
| The natural environment has historically, been considered a "backdrop" to human life. Over the last few decades, we have begun paying more attention to it because of leading environmental problems? | Global warming and climate change, destruction of natural habitats, decline a freshwater, soil, erosion |
| Variations or alternations overtime in the behavior, patterns, culture, and structure of society are forms of _______ that are often triggered by grievances an opening in the cultural fabric to be successful | Social Change |
| ______ are most often found in industrial or post industrial societies, although they can occur any place where groups of people have a concern or frustration. | Social movements |
| True or False: one feature of social movements that make them different from collective actions is that they are consciously organized. | True |
| According to the resources, mobilization theory "resources" are needed to support a social movement? | Leadership roles, formal organization, involvement, cultural awareness, and legitimation of the purpose of the movement |
| The human rights campaign, (HRC) is a nonprofit organization located in Washington DC which advocates for equal rights and marriage rights of gay, lesbian, transgender and bisexual citizens. The HRC is a | Reform group |
| Social movements are | The singular activities of a collection of groups working to change the status quo |
| Sociologist using conflict perspective might study what? | What motivated, inequitably treated people to join a movement |
| Which of the following is not a widely contributing factor in social change? | Individual behavior |
| Sociologist think about technology as an agent of social change which of the following is not an example? | Population growth |
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Andrushkogirl