Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ap enviro final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which level of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer? | stratosphere |
| approximately how much of the potential energy available from the sun's rays hitting earth is used in photosynthesis? | 1 percent |
| which zone changes the most from high tide to low tide | B |
| scientists have begun conducting studies on a lake in the northeastern united states after several complaints about increases in algal blooms. they believe that residential fertilizers and stormwater runoff are two sources. use information to calculate | 66 percent |
| which is the benthic zone | E first layer of the sea floor |
| what factor is most closely related to adiabatic cooling and heating | air pressure |
| the abundance of producers and fish off of the west coasts of certain continents is caused by | upwelling |
| which best describes the concept of gross primary production | total amount of solar energy that producers capture via photosynthesis |
| which example supports the intermediate disturbance hypothesis | forests that are prone to natural forest fires have a greater diversity of species. |
| how does an algal bloom affect the oxygen content of the water | an algal bloom will cause the oxygen content in the water to decrease, leading to hypoxic conditions |
| according to the figure, which has the highest albedo | fresh snow |
| latent heat release occurs when | water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into liquid water |
| in which step of the nitrogen cycle do plants absorb nitrogen compounds | assimilation |
| which statement best represents the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration | photosynthesis stores energy while respiration releases it |
| starting at a latitude of zero degrees and moving north or south with increasing latitude, which is proper order for the three atmospheric convection cells | hadley, ferrell, polar |
| what is one significant effect of upwelling | it creates an area of high nutrient levels along the coast |
| what do the tundra and boreal forest biomes have in common | II and III, slow decomposition rates and nutrient poor soils |
| assuming NPP is 40 percent of GPP what would the GPP be for the continental shelf ecosyste | 900 g |
| which shows the complex interactions among species within an ecosystem | food web |
| at what latitude is the surface of the earth moving at the highest velocity | 00 |
| which biome is characterized by the presence of permafrost | tundra |
| which best describes albedo | the ability of an object to reflect light |
| an ecosystem has an ecological efficiency of 10 percent. if the producer level contains 10,000 kilocalories of energy, how much energy does the tertiary consumer level contain? | 10 kcal |
| humans can affect the nitrogen cycle through | I, II, and III |
| which process of the nitrogen cycle involves the conversion from nitrate to nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas | dentrification |
| which is the benthic zone | d, first layer of the sea floor |
| in the hydrologic cycle, evaportation | is caused by heat from the sun |
| which does not happen as a result of clear cutting trees and forests | an increase in transpirtations |
| which atmospheric layer contains ozone, a layer that helps protect organisms from the suns harmful UV radiation | stratosphere |
| what is a watershed | an area of the land that drains to a particular water body |
| what law explains energy loss within an ecosystem | second law of thermodynamics |
| water that moves across the surface of the land into streams and rivers is called | runoff |
| which is earth's most diverse biome | coral reefs |
| calcium and magnesium | are derived from and associated with rocks |
| what is the wild belt in which we live | westerlies |
| which is not a characteristic of estuaries | contaminants build up easily due to lack of water movement |
| what is the best explanation for the amount of rain that occurs at the equator | warm air rises at the equator, condenses at a high altitude, and falls back to earth as rain |
| climates are mostly classified by which two factors | temperature and precipitation |
| what level of the atmosphere contains charged gas molecules that contribute to the northern lights or aurora borealis | thermosphere |
| if summer has just begun in australia | the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun. II only |
| which is an example of a wetland | I, II, and III |
| US legislation has limited the levels of sulfur that can be present in gasoline. this measure was designed to limit which aspect of the sulfure cycle | acid precipitation |
| which element is the primary component of fossil fuels | carbon |
| in which zone does most photosynthesis occur | B |
| at which point in the hydrologic cycle are conditions most likely to contribute to the development of an algal bloom | runoff |
| eutrophic lakes | have very high productivity as a result of high levels of nutrients |
| what human activities have affected the phosphorus cycle | I and III. creation of fertilizers and the use of dishwashing detergent. |
| what might help restore an area that has been declared a dead zone because of algal blooms | reduce nutrient inputs to the area |
| which best explains the observation that warm air is more humid than cool air | warm air has a higher capacity for water vapor than cool air |
| a population of birds exists on an island and consists of four phenotypes | 47 percent |
| why is it challenging to estimate the number of species on earth? | II and III. new species exist and some species are only visible with a microscope |
| which is the best description of species evenness | the relative dominance of each species within an ecosystem |
| which measure of biodiversity takes into account the number of species present and the relative abundance of the species present | shannon's index |
| studying regrowth of a clear cut forest. beetles | microevolution |
| how many known mass extinctions have occurred since the evolution of complex life 500 million years ago | 5 |
| which of the following is true about an individuals phenotype | it many be affected by the envionrment |
| which is a change in the genetic composition of a population as a result of descending from a small number of colonizing individuals | the founder effect |
| what is a trait that improved an individuals fitness | an adaption |
| considering only the data presented in the table, which changed between 1905 and 2005, what changed | I and II, the species evenness of trees in the forest and the number of trees in the forest. |
| which does not contribute to an increase in the biodiversity of an ecosystem | habitat loss |
| which is used to determine how closely two species are related | I, II, and III |
| if two similar species each occupy a smaller niche when they live together than they would if they lived alone, they are said to be | partitioning resources |
| a branding point on a phylogenetic tree indicates | a speciation event |
| a population of mice originally consisted, by what percentage did the black mice decrease after the mating event | 20 percent |
| which is not considered to be a factor in the current increase in extinction rates | natural selection |
| which cellular process can create genetic diversity | I and II, mutation and recombination |
| what occurs when a small group from a population colonizes a new area | founder effect |
| when north america beavers build a dam on a river they convert it to their wetland. which types of diversity increased because of these activites | I, II, and III |
| which two scientists are credited with developing the theory of evolution by natural selection | darwin and wallace |
| using living organisms and fossils, charles darwin developed the idea that evolution can occur through | natural selection |
| which process can be controlled most directly by humans | artificial selection |
| a subset of individuals from a mainland population of lizards was caught in a flood and survived by swimming to a nearby island. this is the founder effect and | allopatric speciation |
| which is not an adaption | the breeding of florida panthers with texas panthers to increase genetic variation |
| the change in genetic composition of a population over time is called | evolution |
| which factor would lead to the most rapid rate of evolution | genetically modified organisms |
| what is the process by which part of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome | recombination |
| an east african wildebeest population inhabits open plains and grasslands in the serengeti. these features describe characteristics of the wildebeests | realized niche |
| according to the fossil record, the number of genera of plants and animals that have been present on earth has | varied greatly over the last 500 million years |
| which is the best description of evolution | the genetic change within a population over time |
| which decreases genetic variation | I and III. bottleneck effect and genetic drift |
| which is not related to geographic isolation | sympatric speciation |
| which of the following is not a key idea of darwin's theory of natural selection | the genotype of an organism determines its phenotype |
| which of the following would be the best example of an individuals phenotype | having brown eyes |
| which species would be most vulnerable to environmental changes | niche specialists |
| which community would be least vulnerable to the effects of environmental disturbances | community 3 |
| if a bird of a species that normally has green feathers produces an offspring with blue feathers, this is most likely the result of | a genetic mutation |
| the table lists the number of individuals of each species found within four field communities. which community is most diverse overall? | community 3 |
| macroevolution refers to evolution that | gives rise to a new species, genera, families, classes, or phyla |
| which statement about mutations is not correct | all mutations are harmful |
| which is not a key idea of darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection | differences in traits are not associated with the ability ot reproduce |
| which questions might a scientist use to determine whether a group of organisms constitute a species | I and II. are they distinct. can they interbreed |
| if allopatric speciation occurs after a population has split into two distinct populations, what would happen if the two species were reunited after many generations | the two populations would not be able to interbreed |
| how might a meteorite landing on earth lead to a worldwide mass extinction | a collision would produce a dust cloud that blocks sunlight, reducing photosynthesis |
| evolution occurs through | I, II, and III. |
| the loblolly pine requires a minimum temperature, how would you expect the distribution to change? | spread north |
| a river contains two species of trout, this is because brown trout have | larger range of tolerance in regard to temperature |
| a koala's diet is composed of eucalyptus leaves. the koala is most likely a | niche specialist |
| which is not a random process that evolution can occur through | artificial selection |
| which process of evolution is not random | artificial selection |
| which refers to the variety of ecosystems within a region | ecosystem diversity |
| which is not a benefit of biodiversity | agricultural fields have increased in size to support the many plant species used for crops |
| if a small population loses genotypes by chance over time, it has experienced | genetic drift |
| which is used to measure the diversity of an ecosystem | II and III. species richness and evenness |
| the fundamental niche of a species can include | I only. the amount of sunlight available |
| the number of species in a given area is known as | species richness |
| the physical expression of an organisms genes is called its | phenotype |
| which community clearly has low species evenness | community 2 |
| under what conditions would sympatric speciation most likely occur | polyploidy |
| which factor is most significant when determining the diversity of an ecosystem | the number of species present |
| in evolutionary biology, the term fitness refers to | an individuals ability to survive and reproduce |
| ecological research in new york. climate change will alter the aspen's | macroevolution rate |
| earthworms live in many grass and forest ecosystems and aerate soil as they burrow. traits refer to the | niche |
| which pair would most increase the rate of evolution within a species | slow environmental change and high genetic variation |
| two species that have a high degree of niche overlap will most likely | compete intensly |
| which community has the highest species evenness | community 3 |
| if you were studying niche of bird, you would investiagte | the places were it builds its nest |
| which would result in the highest rate of evolution | a population with high genetic variation |
| which is not a key component of the theory of evolution by natural selection | differences in traits are not associated with differences in survival and reproduction |
| when a population suddenly reduces in size, it has experienced the | bottleneck effect |
| which is the best example of artificial selection | humans breed horses for speed |
| a population of rabbits live in a meadow, this is an example of | allopatric speciation |
| which would least affect the ability of a species to adapt to a new environment | amount of parental care |
| what percent of species that have ever lived are thought to be extinct | 99 percent |
| which would not be considered when determining the fundamental niche of a species | reproductive rate |
| current estimates for the number of species on earth range between | 10 million to 20 million |
| climate change poses a threat to niches of living organisms and to their survival. niche __ are more likely to survive changing climate conditions because | generalists. they have a variety of food sources and acceptable habits |
| the major factors that increase GDP include | I, II, and III |
| following the growth of paramecium in gause's experiment, it would display a __ shaped curve as the population approaches __ | S. carrying capacity |
| which is not a reason that the agricultural revolution led to increase in the human population | it reduced the amount of pesticide on crops |
| tapeworms in the human gut are an example of | parasites |
| suppose a nation has a crude death rate. population growth | 1.5 percent |
| which best explains growth of human population in last 8,000 years | technology has allowed the species to increase earth's carrying capacity |
| which factor is not likely to affect the size of a country's population over time | the current carrying capacity |
| which is not an example of two organisms in a mutualistic relationship | humans and protozoa |
| during a single oregon winter, what explains population of mosquitoes | density independent factors |
| what is the study of factors that cause populations to increase or decrease | population ecology |
| if a population of birds increases what is its rate of growth | 0.20 |
| human population growth has increased dramatically in the last 100 years because of | modern medicine |
| to determine the number of individuals that will be added to a population in a specified time we multiply the growth rate by the | original population size |
| a population of rabbits is introduced and grow then slow. whats the reason? | the carrying capacity has been reached |
| there are 42 million ducks. how many ducks per lake | 3.5 ' 102 |
| which is not likely to limit a population size | the genetic diversity of the population |
| the per capita ecological footprint provides demographers with a way to measure | the amount of land required to support each person |
| approximately what percent of people in developed countries live in urban areas | 75 percent |
| country A versus B death rates and standards of living | country A has an older population |
| the crude birth rate is expressed as a | ratio |
| which of the following accurately compares growth patterns in eagles and bacteria | under ideal conditions bacteria and eagle populations both grow exponentially. |
| sustainable development refers to | an improvement in living conditions through use of resources without causing environmental harm or depletion of resources |
| what is a possible effect of deforestation on the carbon cycle | increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere |
Created by:
finleyabro