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Term | Definition |
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Statistics | is a branch of mathematics that deals with data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation. |
Qualitative Variables | also called as categorical variables are variables that are not numerical. It describes data that fits into categories. |
Quantitative Variables | are numerical. It can be ranked and has order. |
Two types of Quantitative Variables | Discrete and Continuous |
Discrete Variables | is a variable whose value is obtained by counting |
Continuous Variables | They are obtained by measuring. They often include fractions and decimals. |
Example of Discrete | number of students present number of red marbles in a jar number of heads when flipping three coins students’ grade level |
Example of Continuous | height of students in class weight of students in class time it takes to get to school distance traveled between classes |
4 levels of measurement | Nominal, Ordinal, Ratio, interval |
Nominal | It deals with names, categories, or labels. (eg. colors of eyes, yes or no responses to a survey, favorite breakfast cereal, and number on the back of a football jersey). |
Ordinal | the data at this level can be ordered but no differences between the data. |
Interval | deals with data that can be ordered, and in which differences between the data does make sense. But data at this level has no starting point. (eg. Fahrenheit and Celsius scales of temperatures). |
Ratio | the highest level of measurement. Data possess all of the features of the interval level, in addition to an absolute zero. |
Methods of collecting data | • In-person Interview • Mail surveys • Phone Surveys • Web/online Surveys |
Three Ways of presenting Data | • Textual • Tabular • Graphical |
Frequency | is the rate that measures how often something occurs. |