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History: Unit 4 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Political Changes in Europe | Consolidation of power |
| Portugal maritime empire | made "trading post empire" by setting up ports around Africa to trade slaves |
| Spanish maritime empire | destroyed Incan and Aztec empires to set up their own rule |
| French exploration | went to Canada and established Quebec |
| diseases transferred to Americas | small pox killed 50% of native people, there was also malaria, measels and the flu |
| Afro-Eurasian foods brought to Americas | pigs, cows, wheat and grapes became the "staple" foods of america |
| American foods sent to Afro-Eurasia | cacao, maize and potatoes expenaded their diets and helped population grow |
| Foods brought by slaves to Americas | yams? |
| Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. |
| Columbian Exchange and cash crops | Columbian exchange brought new crops to the americas, like sugar and tobacco which were labor intensive and considered cash crops |
| Animals on Columbian Exchange | pigs, cows, and horses were taken to the Americas leading to an increase in transportation and food |
| Japan resisting Western Power | Japan closed themselves off from Europe becuase they did not like the Christian beliefs they brought |
| Fronde Rebellion | a series of civil wars in France 1648-53, in which the nobles whose power had been weakened by the policies of Cardinal Richelieu rose in rebellion against Mazarin and the court during the minority of Louis XIV. |
| Asante Empire | Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650. |
| Continuities in Indian Ocean Trade | Merchants in the trade continued as before in many ways despite European control: they payed for the right to use certain ports/passageways & developed trade links thru traditional networks |
| continuities in Silk Road | People still spread their ideas and religions and goods were still traded |
| Mit'a system | economic system in Incan society where people paid taxes with their labor in public work projects |
| Trade in Atlantic Ocean | transoceanic trading, movement of goods and people lead to spread of religion |
| Chattel Slavery | Absolute legal ownership of another person, including the right to buy or sell that person. |
| indentured servitude | A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. Before 1800 most were Europeans; after 1800 most indentured laborers were Asians. |
| encomienda system | It gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or to make them work. In exchange, these settlers were supposed to protect the Native American people and convert them to Christianity |
| Hacienda | Spanish estates in the Americas that were often plantations. They represent the gradual removal of land from peasant ownership and owners of Haciendas would have agreements of loyalty to the capital but would retain control over the actual land. |
| Changes in Christianity | Reformation lead to Protestant movements, and the black death as well as exploration helped it spread farther |
| Treatment of Jews | People blamed Jews for causing the Black Death, Spain and Portugal wanted them gone but the Ottoman Empire let Jews in. |
| Casta System | A system in colonial Spain of determining a person's social importance according to different racial categories. |
| Qing Dynasty and elites | Manchu conquered and made themselves elite while the Han were confined to lower classes |
| Russia and czar power | Peter the Great took over the Boyars in Russia because he wanted absolute power |
| Joint Stock company | when groups of people funded explorations, made it cheaper |
| Vasco de Gama | European navigator, 1st to go around cape of good hope to India, this was important for the spice trade |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | Sponsered trips and never went anywhere |
| Dutch exploration | slave trade and sugar plantations, Henry Hudson went to New York and Dutch intermarried and conducted fur trade |
| Mercantilism | Big country funds small countries for goods |
| Triangular Trade | Britian sent goods to Africa which sent slaves to the Americas who then sent sugar to Britian |
| Columbian Exchange impact on West | Disease! Killed 90% of indigenous people |
| Columbian Exchange impact on East | population boom, new crops (potatoes) |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | Division of land in south America between Spain and Portugal |
| Economienda | Spanish system which forced natives to do labor in exchange for protection and christianity |
| Hacienda | Similar to Feudalism, estates were passed down and slaves were tied to the land |
| Middle Passage | Journey of slaves on the ships |
| Creoles | Spanish born people in the Americas |
| Examples of Resistance to state expansion | Pueblo revolt in Mexico |
| caravel | new ship with which Portugese were able to explore West African coast |
| carrack | ship 1st used in mediterranean and later by Europe when exploring Asia |
| Galleon | ship that replaces carrack, larger design |
| Motivations for European Colonization | to gain wealth, promote Christianity and donimate political rivals |
| Motivations for English French and Dutch | Wanted a faster way to get to Asia |
| Citrus on Columbian Exchange | went from mediterranean to Americas |
| cash crops | ex: tobacco |
| Ming China and Tokugawa Japan with Western Influence | had isolation policies, closed off from western world |
| Asante Empire | kingdom in West Africa which began to trade with Europeans |
| Kingdom of Kongo | traded with other African states and with Europe |
| Silver | Europeans had control over the global flow of silver |
| Pueblo Revolts and King Philip's War | demonstrate indigenous rebellion |
| Maroon Societies | Fugutive slaves established these |
| Queen Nzinge of Ndongo | made allience with Dutch to fight off Portugese |
| Cossacks | people in Russia who rose against government on behalf of free peasants |
| Qing China and Han people | Government enforced policies against ethnically Han people |
Created by:
lreynal