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Exam #2
World History Since 1500
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the years before the Reformation, which of the following events did not weaken the power of the Catholic Church? | the first was worldliness and corruption within the church, 2nd was political conflict between the pope and european monarchs |
| In the years before the Reformation, which of the following was not considered a corruption in the Catholic Church? | belief in purgatory |
| Of the seven Catholic Church sacraments, which two were prominently featured in the New Testament? | baptism and eucharist (communion) |
| Of the early critics of the Catholic Church, which individual never strayed into outright heresy? | erasmas |
| Martin Luther's father planned for his son to become a lawyer. Why did this not happen? | caught in a thunderstorms, prayed if he survived he'd give his life to God |
| Specifically, what was heretical about Martin Luther's 95 Theses? | the pope and church don't have spiritual authority to grant indulgences (he challenged doctrine) |
| While debating Johann Eck, Martin Luther committed two additional heresies. What were they? | admits church counsel is not infallible on matters of doctrine, openly defends hus |
| What did Martin Luther believe about "good works." | good works follow faith but are not a means of salvation |
| When Martin Luther received his Papal Bull of Excommunication what did he do? | said church has no authority of him |
| Why did the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V call for the Diet of Worms? | wanted to hear Luther's heresy with his own ears, so he calls for a trial |
| Two of Martin Luther's heretical statements inspired him to translate the Bible into German. What were they? | the bible is the sole authority on matters of faith, everyone can act as their own priest |
| Lutheranism mostly spread in which areas? | northern holy roman empire |
| In the early years of Lutheranism, why was the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V unable to stop the spread of this new denomination? | had to spend time and energy on Turkish threats, containing France, managing and maintaining vast new world estates (spends little time in holy roman empire) |
| The wars of religion between Charles V and the Lutheran princes ended with | peace of Augsburg |
| Off all of the new protestant denominations, which was the most hated by governments? | anabaptist |
| What young adult experience did both Martin Luther and John Calvin share? | trained to be lawyers |
| The idea of predestination states that | God is all knowing, and there is nothing you can do to change the outcome |
| What did John Calvin believe about "good works?" | irrelevant, do not gain you salvation |
| What did John Calvin believe about the role of faith in salvation? | irrelevant because God has already made the decision |
| At the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church reaffirmed | free will, all 7 sacraments, trans-substantiation, monasticism, celibacy, purgatory |
| How did the Protestant Reformation affect women? | emphasis on reading bible for oneself stimulation education and literacy for women |
| How was the Enlightenment related to the Scientific Revolution? | enlightenment applied the idea of natural laws to human affairs rather than the physical universe |
| In what way did nineteenth-century developments in the sciences depart from Enlightenment principles? | emphasized conflict and struggle as the motors of progress |
| The early scientists in the Scientific Revolution | saw no conflict between science and religion |
| What did the kaozheng movement in China emphasize? | verification, precision, accuracy, and rigorous analysis in all fields of inquiry |
| What did the New England Puritans in North America emphasize? | education and civic responsibility |
| What facilitated the spread of the Protestant Reformation in Europe? | printing press |
| What made Martin Luther's Ninety-five Theses revolutionary? | idea that an individual could find salvation by faith alone |
| What similar feature did Andean Christianity and Mexican Christianity share? | the absence of a literate world religion |
| What was the significance of the Peace of Westphalia? | it granted the rulers of each European state the authority to control religious affairs within his own domain |
| Which group had the greatest success in converting people outside of Europe to Christianity? | Spanish catholic missionaries in the Philippines |
| Which of the following did all Enlightenment thinkers share? | belief in progress and reason |
| Which of the following figures is associated with the Scientific Revolution? | newton |
| Which of the following is a principle or practice upheld in Sikhism? | equality of men and women |
| Which of the following marked a major turning point in the relationship between China and Christian missionaries? | the pope claim of authority over Chinese Christians |
| Which of the following was a goal of the Wahhabi movement? | return to the absolute monotheism of authentic Islam |
| Which of the following was a reaction to the reliance on human reason during the eighteenth century in Europe? | romanticism |
| Which of the following was generally more true of Catholics than Protestants in European colonies? | Catholics were more intent on converting native peoples |
| Why did Sikhism evolve from a peaceful religion into a militant community? | they had to defend themselves against both Mughal and Hindu hostility |
| Why did the Chinese imperial court initially welcome the Jesuit missionaries? | the Jesuits' knowledge in mathematics, astronomy, technology, geography, and map-making was useful to the Chinese |
Created by:
hailey.francis