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Legal System - Jud
Judiciary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Who are the three inferior types of judges? | District, Recorder, Circuit |
Who are the three superior judges? | High Court, Lord/Lady Justices of Appeal, Justices of the Supreme Court |
What courts do District judges sit in? | (criminal) Magistrates, (civil) County Court, Crown Court? |
What courts do recorder Judges sit in? | Crown Court, County Court + part time |
What courts do Circuit Judges sit in? | (criminal) Crown Court, (civil) County Court |
What courts do High Court Judges sit in? | High Court (may be transferred to other divisions by Lord Chancellor), (criminal)Crown Court |
What courts do Lord/Lady Justices of Appeal sit in? | Court of Appeal |
What courts do the Justices of the Supreme Court sit in? | Supreme Court, Privy Council. There are 12 justices of the SC |
What judges only hear appeals? | Lord/Lady justices of Appeal, Justices of the Supreme Court |
What are the three arms of the state? | Legislature, Executive, Judiciary |
What is the legislature and what does it do? | parliament (HL, HC, Monarch) - passes/creates laws |
What is the Executive and what does it do? | Government (ministers/civil servants/sec of state) - runs/governs the country |
What is the Judiciary and what does it do? | Judges/courts who apply and interpret the law (SI) |
What was AV Diceys opinnion on separation of powers? | parliament is sovereign |
How have the three arms of the state become more seperate/independant? | Supreme Court replaced House of Lords, Law Lords no longer in House of Lords, lord chancellor no longer head of the judiciary |
Where is there/used to be not much seperation between the three arms of the state? | Lord Chancellor used to be in all three (no longer judiciary - lord cheif justice now), overlap between executive and legislature |
How did the theory of separation of powers originate? + what was it? | Theory first put forward by Montesquieu - three arms of state to be kept independant of each other |
How are judges kept independant? | Financial support (<bribes), Job security, Immunity from suit (confidence), media pressure, can declare conflicts of interest |