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Clin Path Quiz 2
Total Erythrocyte Count, Hemoglobin, PCV and TP
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What 3 measures on the CBC measure the total number of circulating erythrocytes in a whole blood sample? | PCV/Hematocrit, hemoglobin, total RBC count |
| Why don't we use manual RBC counting methods? | they are time consuming and far less accurate |
| What is the Erythro-Tic? | a ready to use test kit that uses a 1:200 dilution to count RBCs |
| What is hemoglobin? | the function part of the RBC that contains red pigment; it is necessary for gas exchange |
| How do you measure hemoglobin? | measurement is via the hemoglobinometer, spectrophotometer, or a hematology analyzer |
| What three toxins can alter the hemoglobin? What color do they change the blood? | nitrate (dark brown), cyanide (bright red), carbon monoxide (bright red) |
| What is the normal range of Hgb for dogs and cats? | DOGS: 12-18 g/dL, CATS: 8-15 g/dL |
| What is PCV? | Packed Cell Volume; it is the % of packed RBCs in a whole blood sample |
| How do you measure PCV? | manually (microhematocrit tubes and centrifuge) or via machine |
| What are the 3 sections of the microhematocrit tube after it has been centrifuged? | plasma (fluid component of a whole blood sample), buffy coat (platelets/thrombocytes), RBCs (erythrocytes) |
| What is the normal range of PCV for dogs and cats? | DOGS: 37-55%, CATS: 30-45% |
| What should normal plasma look like? | clear to light yellow and tranasparent |
| What would icteric plasma look like? What are some causes of icteric plasma? | bright yellow; could be caused by liver disease or destruction of RBCs |
| What would lipemic plasma look like? What are some causes of lipemic plasma? | cloudy and white; could be caused by a recent meal, Diabetes mellitus, Cushing's disease, pancreatitis |
| What would hemolytic plasma look like? What are some causes of hemolytic plasma? | red appearance; destruction of RBCs in the body, hemolytic anemia |
| What is TP? What proteins are measured? | Total Protein, it is the measure of proteins found in the blood; albumin and globulin |
| What tools are used to manually measure TP? | refractometer |
| What is the normal TP range for dogs and cats? | DOGS: 5.5-7.5 g/dL, CATS: 5.5-7.5 g/dL |
| What is hyperproteinemia and what are some causes? | increased TP; cause could be dehydration or a response to an antigen (potential infection) |
| What is hypoproteinemia and what are some causes? | decreased TP; cause could be malnutrition, parasitism, or kidney disease |
| What are some reasons for a falsely increased TP measure? | lipemia, hemolysis, dirty refractometer |
| What are some reasons for a falsely decreased TP measure? | not enough fluid sample, icterus |
| What is edema? | the accumulation of fluid in the intracellular space in tissues |
| How is edema associated with hypoproteinemia? | if there are low proteins in the blood, this means that water is leaking out of blood vessels because there are not enough proteins to pull the water into the blood vessels (albumin usually regulates the osmotic pressure in the blood) |
Created by:
mkroon26
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