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respondent behavior
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operant conditioning
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AP Psych Voc 6 p.2

TermDefinition
respondent behavior behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus
operant conditioning a type of learning in which a behavior becomes more likely to recur if followed by a reinforcer or less likely to recur if followed by a punisher
operant behavior behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences
law of effect Thorndike’s principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely, and that behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely
operant chamber in operant conditioning research, a chamber (also known as a Skinner box) containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a food or water reinforcer; attached devices record the animal’s rate of bar pressing or key pecking
shaping an operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior
discriminative stimulus in operant conditioning, a stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement (in contrast to related stimuli not associated with reinforcement).
reinforcement in operant conditioning, any event that strengthens the behavior it follows
positive reinforcement increasing behaviors by presenting positive reinforcers. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response
negative reinforcement increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing aversive stimuli. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response
primary reinforcer an innately reinforcing stimulus, such as one that satisfies a biological need
conditioned reinforcer a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer
continuous reinforcement schedule reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs
partial (intermittent) reinforcement schedule reinforcing a response only part of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement
fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses
variable-ratio schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses
fixed-interval schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed
variable-interval schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals
punishment an event that tends to decrease the behavior that it follows
Created by: jaredmarshh
 

 



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