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BIO 161
Exam 2: Nervous System- Brain/ Spinal Cord
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What areas make up the CNS? | Brain and Spinal Cord |
| What regions make up the PNS? | Somatic, Parasympathetic, Sympathetic |
| What does the somatic region of the PNS control? | voluntary movements like muscle movement |
| What does the parasympathetic region of the PNS control? | resting state |
| What does the sympathetic region of the PNS control? | fight/ flight, exercise |
| What does the autonomic region of the PNS control? | involuntary movements, like HR and breathing |
| What protects the CNS? | Bone, Meninges, Cerebrospinal fluid, blood-brain barrier |
| How does Cerebrospinal fluid protect the CNS? | absorbs shock |
| How does the blood-brain barrier protect the CNS? | toxins that can't do simple diffusion |
| What are the 5 parts of the brain? | Cerebrum, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Cerebellum, Stem |
| What is the cerebral cortex? | the outer part of the cerebrum |
| What is the difference between the white and grey matter inside the cerebrum? | White matter has myelinated axons and grey matter does not |
| What are the 3 areas of the cerebral cortex and their functions? | Sensory area- Direct/ receive info from body Association area- interpret and Decide response Motor area- send motor info |
| What functions are in the frontal lobe of the brain? | speech, prefrontal cortex/ primary motor cortex/ Broca's area |
| What functions are in the parietal lobe of the brain? | touch, taste, reading primary sensory area/ somatic association area |
| What functions are in the occipital lobe of the brain? | Sight Primary visual cortex/ association area |
| What functions are in the temporal lobe of the brain? | hearing Primary auditory cortex/ association area/ Wernicke area |
| What lobe of the brain is the Wernicke area and what does it control? | temporal for understanding language |
| What lobe of the brain is Broca's area and what does it control? | frontal lobe for speech and pronunciation |
| What role to the Primary (Sensory, Auditory, Visual) cortexes play in response to a stimulus? | Detect stimulus |
| What role to the (Somatic, Auditory, Visual) Association areas play in response to a stimulus? | Interpret stimulus |
| What role does the Prefrontal Cortex play in response to a stimulus? | Decide |
| What role does the Primary Motor Area play in response to a stimulus? | Sends info to skeletal muscles to produce movements |
| Where is repetitive muscle movement stored in the brain? | Premotor Cortex |
| What does the function of the thalamus? | Sorting Center |
| What does the function of the hypothalamus? | control center for homeostasis |
| What does the function of the cerebellum? | coordination of movement |
| What does the function of the midbrain? | reflex center for sound/ light |
| What does the function of the pons? | relays info from cerebellum to frontal lobe role in regulating breathing/ sleep |
| What does the function of the medulla oblongata? | controls vital functions |
| Function of the Limbic System: | emotions/ memory |
| Function of the Reticular Activating System: | filters background sensory info |
| what are the functions of the spinal cord? | processes/ relays info to/from the brain (white matter) Protective reflexes (gray matter) |
| where does sensory info go in the spinal cord? | enters via dorsal root (afferent) |
| where does motor info go in the spinal cord? | exits via ventral root (efferent) |
| how many neurons to get sensory info to the brain? | 3 |
| How many neurons to get motor info to the muscles? | 2 |
Created by:
reganbobo15
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