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APSTATS Vocab part2

QuestionAnswer
Experiment deliberately imposes some treatment on individuals to measure their responses.
Confounding occurs when two variables are associated in such a way that their effects on a response variable cannot be distinguished from each other.
Treatment a specific condition applied to the individuals in an experiment.If an experiment has several explanatory variables, a treatment is a combination of specific values of these variables.
experimental units the smallest collection of individuals to which treatments are applied.
subjects when the experimental units are human beings
comparison is if the treatments are given to groups that differ greatly, bias will result.
random assignment means that experimental units are assigned to treatments using a chance process and is the solution to the problem of bias
completely randomized design the treatments are assigned to all the experimental units completely by chance.
control group receives an inactive treatment or an existing baseline treatment.
placebo effect the response to a dummy treatment
double-blind experiment neither the subjects nor those who interact with them and measure the response variable know which treatment a subject received
statistically significant an observed effect so large that it would rarely occur by chance
block a group of experimental units that are known before the experiment to be similar in some way that is expected to affect the response to the treatments
randomized block design the random assignment of experimental units to treatments is carried out separately within each block
matched pairs design a randomized block experiment in which each block consists of a matching pair of similar experimental units
institutional review board is all planned studies that is reviewed and charged with protecting safety and well-being of the subjects
informed consent all individuals who are subjects in a study give information before data is collected
confidential data data that is not to be shared; only statistical summaries for groups of subjects may be made public
Created by: omggirl225
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