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APUSH
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anti-imperialists | Famous Anti-imperialists: Grover Cleveland Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) Someone who opposes the idea of one country ruling or having a lot of power or influence over another country: |
| Imperialist | Famous Imperialists: William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically. |
| Causes of the Spanish-American War | The reasons for war were many, but there were two immediate ones: America's support the ongoing struggle by Cubans and Filipinos against Spanish rule, and the mysterious explosion of the battleship U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor. |
| Outcomes of the Spanish-American War | The U.S. quickly defeated Spain and as a result, Spain lost control of Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | This legislation, which was passed in 1904, was an extension of the Monroe Doctrine. It said that the U.S. had the right to protect their economic interests in South and Central America. And, it said that they could do this through military force. |
| Big Stick Diplomacy | Big Stick diplomacy is the policy of carefully mediated negotiation ("speaking softly") supported by the unspoken threat of a powerful military ("big stick"). President Roosevelt used Big Stick diplomacy in many foreign policy situations. |
| Dollar Diplomacy | Dollar diplomacy of U.S.,particularly during President William Howard Taft's term was a form of American foreign policy to further its aims in Latin America/East Asia through use of economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries. |
| Progressives Political Accomplishments | Progressives established direct primary elections, direct election of senators (rather than by state legislatures), initiative and referendum, and women's suffrage which was promoted to advance democracy and bring a "purer" female vote into the arena. |
| Muckrakers | Journalists expose corruption area of society. Late 1800s/early 1900s, (Progressive Era) journalists uncovered bad working, child labor/unhealthy housing conditions/monopolies/illegal/unethical gov practices/social injustices were given this name. |
| Muckrakers Examples | da Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, and Lincoln Steffens are three examples of Progressive Era muckrakers. These individuals fought to expose injustices during their careers and their efforts resulted in positive reforms. |
| Causes of WWII | Failures of the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler joins and becomes leader of Nazi Party, November 1923: Beer Hall Putsch, Great Depression Begins 1929, Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany 1933 |
| Causes of WWII PART 2 | Mussolini (Italy) invades Ethiopia 1935, Germany and Italy form Axis powers Oct 1936. Japan signs Nov 1936, Japan Invades Manchuria (China) 1937 |
| MANIA | M-Militarism: build of military, offensive and defensive A-Alliances: Alliances of unwavering support in potential conflict N-Naturalism: Pride in your country, more extreme than usual I-Imperialism: Expand your influence, more resource and money |
| Wilson's Fourteen Points | Jan 1918, pres WIlson spoke to congress about war aims of nation. Designed to create lasting peace in world. Guide for the negotiations at Versailles to secure peace after WWI. |
| Wilson's Fourteen Points Examples | Open Diplomacy, freedom of seas, end international trade barriers, impartial dealings with colonies and their nations, points deal with right of self-determination for people of eastern and central Europe, international organization (League of Nations) |
| Treaty of Versailles | Ended WWI. It stripped Germany of their Army, Navy, and Airforce; prohibited Germany to create or possess certain types of weapons; reassigned Germany borders; and made Germany liable for billions of dollars of reparations under the War Guilt Clause. |
| Treaty of Versailles US Response | However, in spite of the fact that 32 state legislatures passed resolutions in favor of the Treaty, the U.S. Senate strongly opposed it. Senate opposition cited Article 10 of the Treaty, which dealt with collective security and the League of Nations. |
| First Red Scare | A period during the early 20th century during which Americans grew afraid of a Communist takeover, caused by the Russian Revolution. Radicals and foreigners were targeted. Federal Bureau of Investigation. |
| Reasons Wilson was a bad president | Allowed segregation to happen and did nothing to soften it like other presidents, moral diplomacy. |
| Impact of Prohibition | Prohibition enacted to protect people and families from “scourge of drunkenness.” Had unintended consequences: a rise in organized crime associated with the illegal production and sale of alcohol, an increase in smuggling, and a decline in tax revenue. |
| Causes of the Great Depression | ♦Uneven distribution of wealth ♦Stock market speculation "buying on the margin" ♦Excessive use of credit ♦Overproduction on consumer goods ♦Weak farm economy ♦Government policies ♦Global economic policies |
| Roosevelt's 3 Rs with examples | RELIEF, RECOVERY, REFORM. relief for the unemployed and for the poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression. |
| LEFT Critics of Roosevelt and his New Deal | Socialists and extreme liberals in the Democratic Party said new deal did too much for business and too little for unemployed/working poor. Said president failed to address problems of ethnic minorities, women, and elderly |
| RIGHT Critics of Roosevelt and his New Deal | Said that relief programs such as the WPA and labor laws such as the Wagner Act bordered on socialism or even communism |
| Causes of WWI | Immediate cause was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, A serbian terrorist group (Black Hand) caused his assassination. 1Complex alliances between countries 2Arms race and militarization |
| WWI | A global conflict fought from 1914 to 1918 that involved many countries and had a significant impact on the world. |
| WWII | A global conflict from 1939 to 1945, involving many countries and resulting in widespread devastation. It was characterized by the aggression of Nazi Germany, the Axis powers. |
| Great Depression | A severe economic downturn that occured in the 1930s, causing widespread unemployment, poverty, and financial hardship |
| US Neutrality Acts: Cash and Carry | Allowed the British to purchase war materials from the United States as long as they paid in cash and transported the materials themselves. FDR |
| US Neutrality Acts: Lend Lease | Allowed the British (later chinese/soviet union) to borrow ,one and material from US in order to continue fighting against Axis. |
| US Participation in WWII Transforms American Society | War production brought changes to the American lifestyle. As millions of people entered the service and production boomed, unemployment basically disappeared. The need for labor opened up new opportunities for women and other minorities. |
| US Participation in WWII Transforms American Society PART 2 | WWII transformed the US from a midlevel global power to the leader of the "free world." WIth this rapid rise in power/influence the US had to take on new responsibilities, signaling the beginning of the "American Era." |
| Pacific vs. European Theater Challenges | European theater primarily waged by the Army as a victory required an invasion of continental Europe. Pacific mostly took place over ocean, depended upon an island hopping strategy to defeat Japan. |
| Theater Definition | An area in which important military events occur or are in progress. |
| Wartime conferences and outcomes | These conferences were important gatherings that allowed the Allied Leaders to discuss plans, debate strategies, and share the unique and enormous burden of leading nations in defending democracy on a global scale. |
| Wartime conferences examples | Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam |
| Outcome of WWII | The end of WWII. Victory in Japan, August 1945. Japan surrender at atomic bombs are dropped, by US, on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Over 200,000 civilians are killed. |
| Outcome of WWII PART 2 | Germany surrendered. After the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan surrendered on and the Second World War came to an end. The war cost the lives of more than 330,000 American soldiers. Many more were permanently injured or maimed. |
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