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TermDefinition
Amygdala a roughly almond-shaped mass of gray matter inside each cerebral hemisphere, involved with the experiencing of emotions.
Brain an organ of soft nervous tissue contained in the skull of vertebrates, functioning as the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous activity
Brain stem the central trunk of the mammalian brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, and continuing downward to form the spinal cord.
Cerebellum the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.
Cerebral cortex also called gray matter, is your brain’s outermost layer of nerve cell tissue. It has a wrinkled appearance from its many folds and grooves. Your cerebral cortex plays a key role in memory, thinking, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, emotions, conscio
Cerebrum the principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure. It is responsible for the integration of complex sensory and neural functio
Dendrites a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
Executive function the mental processes that enable us to plan, focus attention, remember instructions, and juggle multiple tasks successfully
Frontal lobes each of the paired lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead, including areas concerned with behavior, learning, personality, and voluntary movement
Hippocampus the elongated ridges on the floor of each lateral ventricle of the brain, thought to be the center of emotion, memory, and the autonomic nervous system.
Hypothalamus a region of the forebrain below the thalamus which coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity.
Motor cortex an area within the cerebral cortex of the brain that is involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements.
Neurons a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell
Occipital lobes the visual processing area of the brain. It is associated with visuospatial processing, distance and depth perception, color determination, object and face recognition, and memory formation.
Parietal lobes either of the paired lobes of the brain at the top of the head, including areas concerned with the reception and correlation of sensory information.
Spinal cord the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.
Synapses a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.
Temporal lobes the lobes of the brain located closest to the ear. Structures in the temporal lobe are important for memory, language, and hearing, along with many other functions
Thalamus either of two masses of gray matter lying between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle, relaying sensory information and acting as a center for pain perception.
Toxic stress the body's response to lasting and serious stress, without enough support from a caregiver. When a child doesn't get the help he needs, his body can't turn off the stress response normally. This lasting stress can harm a child's body and brain and can cau
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