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Principals#3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is Culture important for IB (4) | 1,communication 2,preparing PR material 3,developing products for global market 4,negociation |
| Which 3 cross-cultural business contexts exist | 1,Face to face (language, rituals,..) 2,Company to company (labor relations, organization,..) 3,Company to customer (Costumer preference, Quality of demand) |
| Which 3 managerial orientations exist + explanation | 1,Ethnocentric orientation using our own culture to judge other cultures 2,Polycentric orientation developing a strong sence for foreign culture & use it to judge others 3,Geocentric orientation understanding business or market regard to borders |
| Which managerial orientation should managers strive for | geocentric orientation |
| What is culture (6) | 1,collective programming 2,shared 3,learned & enduring 4,power influence on behavior 5,systematic & organized 6,largely invisible (Iceberg paradox) |
| What are 3 levels of human mental programming | 1,Personality (specific to individuals, learn & inherited) 2,culture (specific to groups, learned) 3,human nature (universal, inherited) |
| What is cultural hybridization (2) | 1, cultural mixing, when individuals are exposed to new culture 2, Glocalization (local customization & global efficiency) |
| What are 6 essential elements of culture (+category) | 1,values (essential) 2,attitudes & preferences (essential) 3,institutions (essential) 4,religion (essential) 5,language (essential) 6,customs (established practices manners) |
| What are 6 Hofstede´s Dimensions of culture | 1,Power distance 2,individualism vs collectivims 3,masculinity vs feminity 4,uncertainty avoidance 5,long vs short term orientation 6,indulgence vs restraint (shovívavost vs. zdrženlivost ) |
| What are characteristics of low power distance & high power distance (both 3) | 1,Inequalities low.. should be minimalizade high ... inequalities are desired 2, less powereful x more powerful people low.. less powerful should be independent high..shoud be dependent 3,children x relative relations low .. children=parents |
| Descibe feminity & masculinity acording Hofstede | Feminity= preference for cooperation, modesty caring for the weak... Masculinity= achievement, heroism, assertiveness,.. |
| Describe uncertainty avoidance | society´s tolerance for uncertainty & ambiguity (what is forrbiden and what is not) |
| What did Minkov´s 6th Dimension described (3) | 1,Indulgence versus restraint 2,indulgent societies..allow free gratification like having fun & enjoying life (USA, Mexico,..) 3,restrained societies.. gratification should be curbed by strict norms (Iraq, China, S.Korea,..) |
| What are 2 sources of country risk | 1, Political System 2,Legal System |
| What are 3 types of legal systems (+description) | 1,Common Law..based on tradition, court previous cases (UK,USA,Canada,..) 2,Civil Law..all-inclusive system, where everything is universally written (Germany,Italy,..) 3,Religious law..non-secular countries (Iran, Afganistan,..) |
| What are 5 risks of political system | 1,Government 2,Political parties 3,Legislative bodies 4,Lobbying groups 5,Trade unions |
| What are 4 risks of legal system | 1,Ensure order in commercial activities 2,resolve disputes 3,Protect intellectual property 4,tax economic output |
| What are differences between Common law & civil law in 1,Intellectual Property 2,Enforcing agreements | 1,Intellectual Property Civ=Registration , Com=prior use 2,Enforcing agreements Civ=only if registred , Com=proof of agreement is enought |
| What are differences between Common law & civil law in 1,Specifity of contracts 2,Compliance with contacts | 1,Specifity of contracts Civ=covered already in Civil law, Com=contracts muss be very detailed 2,Compliance with contacts Civ=noncompliance is extended to include unforeseeable events Com= "Acts of God" are only justifiable excuses for noncomliance |
| How important are politcal dimension in IB | they are very important & critical to IB |
| What are 4 levels of political involment | 1,Geopolitical (UN,WTO.IMF,..) 2,Regional (NAFTA,EU,BRICS,..) 3,National 4,Local |
| What are supranational institution (3) | 1, institution created after WW2 to not allow destabilization 2, their aim is to establish minimum standart for formal institition 3,examples are UN,EU,NAFTA, NATO,.. |
| What are 2 types of barries to trade | 1,Tariff barries (quotas, tariffs, ..) 2,Non-tariff barries (like geographical indication,..) |
Created by:
semester1.IBWL
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