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R & J English Final

Fenwick Freshman English Final

QuestionAnswer
PROSE Not Verse – regular sentences Spoken by servants (always), Mercutio and Nurse (sometimes)
PUN Intentional misinterpretation -- creating wordplay with homophones Mostly used by young gentlemen, but also sometimes by servants.
BLANK VERSE Unrhymed iambic pentameter The majority of the play is in blank verse It is not spoken by servants, except for the Nurse, who uses it imperfectly.
COUPLET Rhyming pairs of lines show a greater degree of orderliness of thought or emotion. The entire scene 2.3 between Friar and Romeo is in couplets. Also typically found at ends of monologues – closing idea and cue to other actors.
METAPHOR Used by characters who have understanding to share. Romeo and Juliet speak and think naturally in metaphor: past the surface meanings.
EXTENDED METAPHOR There is usually a lesson being given through the metaphor. Lady Capulet describes Paris as a book (1.3). Capulet describes Juliet’s crying as a boat tossed by a storm (3.5)
OXYMORON Spoken by characters experiencing inner turmoil. Romeo: “Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health…” Juliet: “Dove-feathered raven, Wolvish ravening lamb…”
PARADOX A contradiction that reveals a truth, reveals an understanding of life’s complexity Friar: “The earth that’s nature’s mother is her tomb,What is her burying grave, that is her womb.”Juliet: “My only love, sprung from my only hate
APOSTROPHE Direct address of a thing or person not present – figurative Spoken by Romeo and Juliet during soliloquies; most frequently used in Act V.
SONNET abab cdcd efef gg Problem – solution 3 in play Sonnets were traditionally love poems in which the speaker described his suffering
SPEECH ACTS These are empowered expressions that serve as more than just words: Vow – important to Romeo and Juliet to declare love; also “Amen” as spoken by Juliet (3.5). Ultimatum – “on pain of…” as used by Prince; also as spoken by Capulet to Juliet (3.5).
ALLUSIONS Mostly refer to mythology e.g. Juliet’s reference to Phaëton adds depth of meaning
TRAGEDY “World” (microcosm: Verona) is plagued. Heroes (R+J) heal world through sacrifice.
COMEDY Young lovers are kept apart by an unfair, old institution and are helped by funny, marginal characters to defeat the obstacle and marry. R&J has the structural potential to be a comedy.
FOIL Minor characters are often shaped by Shakespeare to contrast with main char’s or each other
ARTIFICIAL PACE OF EVENTS Shakespeare drastically compresses Brooke’s plot. Events happen at an unrealistic pace, an artifice that he is willing to remind us of.
MONOLOGUE A speech given by one character with others on stage
SOLILOQUY A speech by a character “thinking out loud” while alone on stage. The Shakespearean tragic soliloquy is spoken by the hero who is “poised to act” and usually shows their flawed decision making.
ASIDE Speaker “thinking aloud” while not alone on stage, apart from and unnoticed by others
DRAMATIC IRONY Audience, let in on secrets, is “pulled in” emotionally to the drama
COMIC RELIEF Shakespeare sometimes inserted comedic scenes after highly dramatic ones. Example: Peter jokes with the musicians after Juliet is discovered “dead.” Shakespeare also blends comedic elements into many of the dramatic scenes of the play.
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