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Electromagnetism

LC Physics

TermDefinition
Magnetic Field Region where a magnetic force can be felt.
Magnetic Field Line Shows the direction of the magnetic field pointing from north to south. The closer the lines are together the stronger the magnetic field.
Solenoid Coil of wire whose length is greater than its radius.
Electromagnet Temporary magnet which consists of a soft iron core inside a solenoid. The core becomes magnetised only when a current is flowing.
Right Hand Grip Rule Thumb is direction of current and fingers are direction of magnetic field. Note: For conventional current
Fleming's Left-Hand Rule Thumb is direction of force, first finger is direction of magnetic field and second finger is direction of current. Note: All must be a right angles to each other and based on conventional current.
Magnetic Flux Density Vector whose magnitude is equal to the force that would be experienced by a conductor of length 1 m carrying a current of 1 A at right angles to the field at that point and whose direction is the direction of the force on a north pole at that point.
The Tesla The magnetic flux density at a point is 1 T if a conductor of length 1 m carrying a current of 1 A experiences a force of 1 N when placed perpendicular to the field.
The Ampere This is the constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible cross sectional area and placed 1 m apart in a vacuum, would produce a force on each conductor of 2 x 10^-7 N per metre length.
The Coulomb This is the amount of chare that passes any point in a circuit when a current of 1 A flows for 1 sec.
Electromagnetic Induction This is where an emf is induced whenever the magnetic field passing through a coil changes.
Magnetic Flux (magnetic flux density)(Area)
The Weber If the magnetic flux density over an area of 1 m^2 is 1 T then the flux through the area is 1 Wb.
Laws of Electromagnetic Induction Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law
Faraday's Law States that the size of the induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux.
Lenz's Law States that the direction of an induced current is always to oppose the change producing it.
Electric Generator Device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
D.C. Motor Device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
RMS Root mean square. Average current or average voltage of an a.c. supply.
Mutual Induction When a changing magnetic field in one coil causes an induced emf to appear in a nearby coil.
Ways to increase mutual induction 1. Have coils closer together 2. Winding the coils on the same soft iron core 3. Increasing the number of turns on either or both of the coils
Self Induction When the current passing through a coil changes, the magnetic field around the coil changes. This induces a back emf that opposes the changing current.
Inductor Coil that has the property of self induction.
Transformer Device used to change the value of an alternating voltage.
Step Up Transformer When the number of turns in the primary coil is less than the number of turns in the secondary coil the output voltage will be greater than the input voltage.
Step Down Transformer When the number of turns in the primary coil is greater than the number of turns in the seconday coil the output voltage will be less than the input voltage.
Created by: mduffy13
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