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Hip special tests
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Patrick's (FABER) test purpose | Identify hip dysfunction, such as mobility restriction |
| Patrick's (FABER) test description | Pt lies supine. Passively flex, abd and ER hip test leg so that food of test leg is on top of the knee of the opposite leg. Slowly lowers the knee of the test leg toward the examining table |
| Patrick's (FABER) test results | Neg: test leg's knee falling to table to parallel with opposite leg. Positive: test leg's knee remaining above the opposite straight leg. Indicates that hip may be affected, that there may be iliopsoas spasm, or that SIJ may be affected |
| GRIND (Scouring) test purpose | Identitfy DJD of hip joint |
| GRIND (Scouring) test description | Pt lies supine. Examiner flexes and adducts the t's hip so hip faces the pt's opposite shoulder and resistance to the movement is felt |
| GRIND (Scouring) test results | Reproduce pain in hip joint and refer pain to knee or elsewhere |
| Trendelendberg sign purpose | Identify weakness in glute med or unstable hip joint |
| Trenelendberg sign description | Pt asked to stand on 1 lower limb. Normally, pelvis on the opposite side should rise; this finding indicates a negative test |
| Trenelendberg sign Result | Pelvis on opposite side (non-stance side) drops when the patient stands on the affected leg, a positive test is indicated |
| Thomas test purpose | identifies tightness of hip flexors |
| Thomas test description | Pt lies supine while the examiner checks for excessive lordosis, which is usually present with tight hip flexors. The examiner flexes on of pt's hips, bringing the knee to chest to flatten the L/S and stabilize the pelvis. Pt holds the flexed hip |
| Thomas test result | No flexion contracture: hip being test (straight leg) remains on examining table. If contracture is present: pt's straight leg rises off the table and a muscle stretch end feel will be felt |
| Ober's test purpose | Identify tightness of TFL/IT band |
| Ober's test description | Pt is side-lying with lower leg flexed at hip and knee for stability. Examiner passively abducts and extends the pt's upper leg with knee straight or flexed to 90. Examiner slowly lowers the upper limb |
| Ober's test result | If contracture is present, the leg remains abducted and does not fall to he table |
| Ely's test purpose | To identify tightness of rectus femoris |
| Ely's test description | Pt lies prone. Examiner passively flexes the pt's knees |
| Ely's test result | On flexion of the knee, pt's hips on same side spontaneously flexes, indicating the the rectus femoris muscle is tight on that side and that the test is positive. |
| 90-90 Hamstring test purpose | Identify hamstring tightness |
| 90-90 Hamstring test description | Supine pt flexes both hips to 90 while the knees are bent. Pt may grasp behind the knees with both hands to stabilize the hips at 90. Pt actively extends each knee in turn as much as possible |
| 90-90 Hamstring test result | Positive if knee is unable to reach 10 degree from neutral position (lacking 10 degree extension) |
| Tripod sign purpose | Identifies tightness of H.S. muscle |
| Tripod sign description | Pt seated with both knees flexed 90 over edge of table. Examiner passively extends one knee. If H.S. m on same side are tight, pt extends the trunk to relieve tension. Leg is returned to starting position, and other leg is test and compared. |
| Tripod sign result | Extension of spine is indicative of positive test |
| Piriformis test purpose | Identifies piriformis syndrome |
| Piriformis test description | Pt sidelying with test leg uppermost. Pt flexes the test hip to 60 w/ knee flexed. Examiner stabilizes hip with one hand and applies a downward pressure to the knee |
| Piriformis test result | Piriformis tight: pain elicited. If piriformis m is pinching the sciatic nerve, pain results in buttock and sciatica may be experienced by the patient |
| Leg length test purpose | Identifies true leg length discrepancy |
| Leg length test description | True leg length is measured by placing pt in supine with ASISs level and lower limbs perpendicular to the line joining the ASISs. Using a fleible tap measure, obtain distance from ASIS to medial/lateral malleolus. Compare sides |
| Leg length test results | Difference of 1-1.3 cm (0.5-1in) is considered normal |
| Craig's test purpose | Identify femoral anteversion |
| Craig's test description | Pt prone with knee flexed 90. Examiner palpates posterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur. Hip is passively rotate medially and laterally until GT is parallel with examining table or reaches its most lateral position. |
| Craig's test result | Degree of anteversion can be estimated based on the angle of lower leg with the vertical |
Created by:
ecosio
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