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Ethics Chapter 1
Ethics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Metaethics | Branch of ethics that deals with the nature of morality. |
| What does Metaethics try to answer? | What is morality? Is morality objective? Where does it come from? What is the relationship between moral facts, if they exist, and this physical world that we interact with? |
| Moral realism | there are objective facts about right and wrong that exist independently of our opinions. |
| Realists | debate the basis for these moral facts, whether it be divine commands, necessary facts, or the nature of living things. But they all agree that these moral facts exist regardless of our beliefs. |
| Moral anti-realism | rejects the idea that there are mind-independent facts about morality. |
| Moral relativism | a form of anti-realism, holds that ethical codes are relative to the standpoints of the people who embrace them and that no culture’s ethical code is superior to another’s. |
| descriptive relativism | moralities and ethical codes vary significantly across cultures. Some relativists argue that moral rules vary across cultures, which they believe undermines moral objectivity and supports relativism. |
| Metaethical relativism | claims that moral truths are only true relative to specific groups of people, meaning that the truth of a moral belief depends on the standpoint of the person or culture holding the belief. |
| Metaethical relativism | the idea that ethical statements are only true within the context in which they are made. It means that if someone claims a certain practice is moral, it is only true if their culture believes and acts as if it's moral. |
| Metaethical relativism | relativism holds that moral beliefs and claims are true or false relative to the cultures or standpoints in which they exist. |
| normative relativism | no person or culture ought to judge the ethical codes of other cultures as being inferior, nor should any culture intervene in another culture to prevent it from carrying out the specifics of its ethical code. |
| Normative relativists | argue that because no objective, independent standpoint from which to evaluate ethical codes exists, no culture can justifiably say that its morality is objectively superior. |
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bellam08
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