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SS - Unit 1 Chp. 2

TermDefinition
What is Islam? A religion that believes in one God, Allah
Who are Muslims? The people that follow Islam
What was the Arabian Peninsula like? Sandy desert with dry air
Why did Arabia become an important place? It was a center for trade and culture. It had important trading cities like Mecca and Medina. It was the source of important trade routes
Who is Muhammad? A merchant who turned into a prophet after believing that he was a messenger of God.
How did Muhammad get into power? He fled Mecca and established an Islamic society in Medina. He gained more followers
What did he do AFTER Muhammad rose to power? He made an army, took over Mecca, smashed all statues of other Gods, and made Mecca an important site for Muslim worship
What trip do Muslims need to make? They need to make a pilgrimage to Mecca
What is the significance of the pilgrimage? It is to commemorate Muhammad's last trip to Mecca before he died.
What impact did Muhammad's successors have after he died? 4 caliphs - Expanded Islamic land, expanded territory, created split groups - Shia and Sunni
How did Muslim Scholars impact their society? 1) Spread of Arabic language and culture 2) Developed algebra and calculus (math) 3) Increase of books on PAPER (wow!) 4) Medical/scientific discoveries 5) Geometric art styles (drawn in precise shapes)
What caused the Crusades? Christian people wanted the Holy Land (Jerusalem and Palestine) back from Muslim control. This started a series of wars.
How long were the Crusades, and what happened DURING the Crusades? Christians started killing EVERYONE who wasn't one of them. The wars lasted 200 years. Muslims eventually gained control
What were the EFFECTS of the Crusade (what happened after)? 1) Death, destruction, distrust, division 2) Through the 4 D's, Christians and Muslims still found a way to trade with each other 3) Pope of Christianity was a secular (world-class) leader 4) Spread of Christianity
Who is King John? How did people see him? He was the King of England who ruled during the Middle Ages. He was a bad king - people didn't like him 1) Lost important lands during a battle with France 2) Asked nobility to pay HIGHER taxes to pay for war. Punishment? Holding servants prisoner
What is the Magna Carta? Why was it created? List of demands from the townspeople and the barons (nobles). Laid out rules for what the king could and could not do to the people. They wanted to suppress the king's power
What lasting impact did the Magna Carta have on modern day law making? It became the history of Rule of Law. King had to rule with laws, and there needs to be a fair trial by jury. These rules lasted throughout history to today.
Created by: user-1857751
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