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A & P 1

Water Chemistry and pH

Hydrophilic A predominately polar substance that can easily bond with hydrogen atoms
Hydrophobic A predominately no-polar substance that cannot easily bond with hydrogen atoms
Solution a homogenous mixture in which one substance (solute) is dissolved into another (solution)
Solute the substance dissolved into another
Concentration amount of given solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent Typically measured as mass ( percent solution) or number (molarity) of solute particles per volume of water
Aqueous Solution a solution where water is the solvent
Identify two ways to increase an aqueous solution's concentration by adding solute or removing solvent
Identify two ways to decrease an aqueous solution's concentration by removing solute or by adding solvent
Universal solvent water
Universal solvent's biological consequence the medium of life; hydrophilic & ionic substances can easily dissolve in water while hydrophilic substance cannot
Cohesion Water molecules stick to other water molecules forming surface tension at the air water interface causing there to be a large amount of energy needed to break the surface tension of said water
High Specific Heat water has a high specific heat which means alot of energy is required to change the temperature of water
High heat of vaporization A lot of energy is required to change water from liquid to gas; because of this evaporation facilitates the cooling of surfaces and allows living organisms to lower their temperature
define pH when hydrogen ion concentration rises pH falls and is therefore acidic when hydrogen ion concentration falls pH rises and is therefore alkaline
name two acidic substance tomatoe juice, lemon juice
name two alkaline substance milk of magnesia, lye
acid a salt that acts as a proton donor and increase hydrogen ion concentration
base those substances that act as a proton acceptor which decreases hydrogen ion concentration
define strong when relative to acid or base fully and irreversibly disassociates in water
define weak when relative to acid or base reversibly disassociates in water
pH buffer a chemical system that resists change in pH; takes a big change and turns it into a small change
Created by: BeckyTsagaris
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