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Deffintions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Protocols | the format and order of messages sent and received among network entities, and actions taken on msg transmission, receipt |
Multiplexing | Combines multiple flows of information on a common transmission medium medium transmission excessive cost, adding a highway is costly, Digging to lay cables is also expensive, able to same cable carry many communication flows? |
Switching | Reduce the number of resources • Think of a “shared” road, but still dedicated at any given |
Circuit switching | Resource reserved per connection • Admission control: per connection |
Packet switching via statistical multiplexing | Packets treated independently, on-demand • Admission control: per packet |
Wireless radio | signal carried in electromagnetic spectrum § no physical “wire” § broadcast and “half-duplex” (sender to receiver) § propagation environment effects: • reflection • obstruction by objects • interference |
Radio link types | terrestrial microwave, up to 45 Mbps channels,§ Wireless LAN (WiFi), Up to 100’s Mbps, § wide-area (e.g., cellular), 4G cellular: ~ 10’s Mbps § satellite, up to 45 Mbps per channel, 270 msec end-end delay, geosynchronous versus low-earth-orbit |