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NSAIDs
Term | Definition | |
---|---|---|
Non selective COX inhibitors | 1.Salicylates 2.Propionic acid derivatives 3.Anthranilic acid derivative 4.Aryl acetic acid derivative- 5 .Oxicam derivative 7.Indole derivative 8.Pyrazolone derivative | |
Salicylates | Aspirin --> Acetyl salicylate Diflunisal Sulfasalazine | |
Propionic acid derivatives | Ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen and flurbiprofen | |
Anthranilic acid derivative | Mephenamic acid | |
Aryl acetic acid derivative | Diclofenac and Aceclofenac | |
Oxicam derivative | Piroxicam and Tenoxicam | |
Indole derivative | Indomethacin | |
Pyrazolone derivative | Phenylbutazone and Oxyphenbutazone | |
selective COX 2 inhibitors | celecoxib, etoricoxib and parecoxib COX --> COX 2 ib --> Inhibitor | |
preferential COX 2 inhibitors | Meloxicam | |
Salicylates MOA | Cyclooxygenase converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins and thromboxane. --> mediators of inflammation COX --> COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is expressed in noninflammatory cells. COX-2 is expressed in activated lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear cells. | |
Non selective COX inhibitors effects | Nonselective NSAIDs inhibit both cyclooxygenase isoforms and thereby decrease prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis Analgesic Anti-inflammation Antipyretic | |
Adverse effect from therapeutic anti-inflammatory doses of aspirin | Gastric upset due to COX-1 inhibition. Chronic use can result in gastric ulceration, upper Gastrointestinal bleeding, and renal effects Increases the bleeding time Experience asthma from the increased synthesis of leukotrienes | Tinnitus, vertigo, hyperventilation, and respiratory alkalosis At very high doses, the drug causes metabolic acidosis, dehydration, hyperthermia |