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operating systems & Network
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Computer | machine which can be programmed to control symbols |
Personal Computer | small, single-user computer; used in homes and businesses; based on a microprocessor |
Work Station | powerful, single-user computer; more powerful microprocessor than PCs |
Microprocessor | chip which is the master control circuit of a computer |
Minicomputer | multi-user computer designed to handle hundreds of users at the same time |
Mainframe | powerful, multi-user computer; can support hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously |
Supercomputer | extremely fast computer; can perform hundreds of millions of instructions every second |
Operating System | program which acts as a boundary between a computer user and the computer itself |
Hardware | physical and mechanical components of a computer such as the monitor,mouse, chips, keyboard, etc. |
Software | programs which direct the operation of computers; instructions for a computer |
Real-time Operating System | used for real-time applications such as thermostats, mobile phones, spacecrafts, etc. |
Single-user Single-task Operating System allows the user to run several computer applications at the same time | allows users to do only one thing at any given time Single-user Multi-tasking Operating System |
Graphical User Interface | allows users to operate computers without knowing the language used to communicate with an operating system |
Multi-user Operating System | allows multiple users to simultaneously use the programs on a single computer |
Unix | designed to be a small, flexible system for use by computer programmers |
Computer Programmer | a person who designs, writes and installs computer programs and applications |
Linux | variation of the Unix operating system |
Source Code | tags and instructions developed by the creator which tell the foundation of the system and how it was created |
Network | system for communication between two or more computers |
Wireless Connection | connects computers without the use of cables or wires |
Electromagnetic Waves | method of travel for information from computer-to-computer; consists of light waves, radio waves, microwaves, etc. |
Local Area Network | local, privately owned networks |
Wide Area Networ covers the small area around a user’s workspace Internet | network which provides connections between computers in multiple locations |
k Metropolitan Area Network | high-speed network designed to link together metropolitan size areas, campuses or school districts |
Controlled Area Network | used for real-time control operations |
Personal Area Network | worldwide, publicly accessed network |
Network Messaging | allows users to send messages from one computer to another through the Internet |
Server | allows equipment such as fax machines, printers and files to be “served” tomultiple computers |
Firewall | serves as a security device between a computer and Internet sites or betweenmultiple computer networks |
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol | helps distinguish individual computers since there are millions on the Internet |
Network Router | hardware device connected to multiple channels for different networks through an interface |
Network Interface Card | device provides the physical connection between the network and computer workstation |
Network Switch | device providing a central connection point for cable from workstations |
Network Bridge | device dividing traffic on a local area network |
Transaction Processing System | record and document all of a business’s recurring and routine transactions |
Operating Information System | plan and schedule production and assembly functions |
Decision Support System | make use of computing tools, mathematical and scientific modes of its analysis |
Information System Security | protecting a business or organization’s data assets |