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History of Europe 1
6th Grade Social Studies: Unit 4 - Post WW1, Depression & Rise of Nazism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What year did World War I end? | 1918 |
| What are four major outcomes of the war? | (1) the rise of communism, (2) the Treaty of Versailles, (3) the rise of Nazism, and (4) the worldwide depression |
| What is the order of post WWI events? | 1914-1918 WWI, 1917 Rise of Communism / Russian Revolution, 1919 Treaty of Versailles (ended WWI), 1929 The Great Depression, 1930-1940s Rise of Nazism, 1939-1945 WWII |
| What year was the Treaty of Versailles signed? | 1919 |
| What marked the official end of World War I? | the Treaty of Versailles |
| Which country was primarily blamed for WWI in the Treaty of Versailles? | Germany |
| Define: Reparations | Payments (money and property) that Germany was forced to pay |
| What penalties did the Treaty of Versailles impose on Germany? | severe reparations, territorial losses, and military restrictions |
| In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles fail? | Germans felt humiliated and angry (believed it was unfair and left their country in a weakened state). This discontent created a fertile ground for extremist political movements, including Nazism. It failed to establish a lasting peace. |
| Define: Conscription | forced labor |
| Define: Demilitarization | no more military troops |
| Define: Treaty of Versailles | the peace settlement signed after World War One had ended in 1918 required Germany to to pay reparations, have territorial losses, have military restrictions and contained the war guilt clause |
| Who were the parties to the Treaty of Versailles? | Germany and the Allies |
| Where was the Treaty of Versailles signed? | Versailles Palace near Paris, France |
| Who attended the signing of the Treaty of Versailles and who was not permitted to attend? | The Big Four (1) Britain: Prime Minister Davis Lloyd George, (2) France: Premier George Clemenceau, (3) Italy: Premier Vittorio Orlando, and (4) U. S.: President Woodrow Wilson |
| Who was not permitted to attend the signing of the Treaty of Versailles? | Russia was not allowed to attend |
| What were the requirements of Germany in the Treaty of Versailles? | Germany: (1) guilty of the war (2) paid reparations (3) abolish forced labor, (4) no more military, (5) no more manufacture of major military equipment, (6) All colonies became mandates of Britain, Japan, Australia, N.Z., and the League of Nations |
| Which requirements in the Treaty of Versailles were for France’s future security? | (1) Return of Alsace-Lorraine, (2) Demilitarization of Germany’s Rhineland territory with Allied occupation, (3) 15-year administration of Saar Valley by the League of Nations |
| Name the newly created nations after the Treaty of Versailles. | Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia |
| Name the nations recognized as independent nations after the Treaty of Versailles. | Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania |
| Name the reconstituted nations after the Treaty of Versailles. | Finland, Poland |
| How was Austria affected by Post-War Treaty Agreements? | (1) Austria lost Tyrol to Italy and Hungary became independent and (2) Austria and Germany are to never unite |
| How were American President Woodrow Wilson’s goals for peace expressed? And were they achieved? | In his Fourteen Points |
| Were President Woodrow Wilson’s goals for peace achieved? | yes, Wilson’s goal for collective security was realized |
| Did the US ratify the Treaty of Versailles? | No |
| Did the US ever join the League of Nations? | No |
| When did Germany struggle with economic hardship and political instability? | During the 1920s and 1930s |
| What event worsened the economic situation in Germany during the 1920s and 1930s? | The Great Depression |
| In what year did the Great Depression begin? | 1929 |
| What effect did the Great Depression have on the situation in Germany? | It worsened the situation: Unemployment soared, and many Germans were desperate for change |
| What party gained popularity in Germany during the Great Depression? | Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers' Party, known as the Nazis, gained popularity |
| Who was Adolf Hitler? | the leader of the National Socialist German Workers’ party |
| What did Hitler promise the German people? | Hitler promised to restore Germany to its former glory, rebuild its economy, and reject the Treaty of Versailles. His message resonated with many people who were looking for hope and stability. |
| What did Nazis use to spread their ideology? | As the Nazis rose to power, they used propaganda to spread their ideology. They made posters, movies, and speeches that blamed Jewish people and other groups for Germany’s problems. They also promised to fix these problems if people supported them. |
| What kinds of ideology did the Nazis spread? | ideas of racial superiority and anti-Semitism |
| What resulted from the Nazi movement? | This movement led to the establishment of a totalitarian regime that would eventually plunge the world into another devastating conflict |
| Where & why did the Great Depression began? | in the United States with the stock market crash in 1929 |
| What areas did the Great Depression affect? | Globally (not just the US and Germany) |
| What are some effects of the Great Depression? | Unemployment rates skyrocketed, businesses failed, and banks closed. People lost their savings, and many struggled to find food and shelter |
| How did the Great Depression influence political movements? | The depression contributed to political instability in various nations, leading to the rise of extreme political movements, including fascism and communism. |
| What extreme measures were people willing to go to in order to overcome the Great Depression? | Because of the Great Depression, citizens of some nations were willing to give up Personal freedoms for the promise of strong solutions. |
| Define: Depression | worldwide economic downturn – stated The Great Depression |
| Define: Nazism | National Socialist party – said they could fix Germany’s problems – form of fascism |
| Define: Fascism | strong central government controlled by military and led by a powerful dictator |
| Define: The Great Depression | The economic downturn in the 1930s - Unemployment went as high as 25%. |
| The factors led to Hitler’s rise in power are: | (1) The Great Depression and (2) He restored Germany’s pride after the right end of WWI and the Versailles Treaty which included: High reparations payments, War Guilt Clause, Loss of territory and resources, Reduced Army |
| Three major outcomes of the stock market crash of 1929 were: | (1) The Great Depression (2) Hitler’s rise to power (3) Hitler’s take-over |
| Summarize “the rise of Nazism” | In the 1920s and 1930s, Germany was struggling. They had lost World War I and had to pay a lot of money to other countries. Many people were poor and didn’t have jobs. Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party promised to make Germany strong again. They used the country’s problems to gain support from the people. |
| Define: Propaganda | Propaganda is like advertising, but it’s used to spread certain ideas. The Nazis used propaganda to make people believe their ideas. |
| Summarize the “events leading to the Holocaust” | Once the Nazis were in power, they started passing laws that took away the rights of Jewish people. They forced Jewish people to live in separate areas called ghettos. During World War II, the Nazis decided to kill all the Jewish people in Europe (the Holocaust). |
Created by:
Engle Family
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