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Nature of Accounting
FI-085
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Accountant | An individual who has had specialized training in accounting procedures |
Accounting | The process of keeping financial records |
Accounting cycle | A process or series of steps that businesses complete to maintain their financial records effectively |
Accounting standards | Rules that accountants must follow when preparing financial statements |
Accounting system | The methods and procedures used in consistently handling the business's financial information |
Acquisition of funds | Finance activity involving making decisions about a firm's investment |
Accrual accounting method | A method of accounting that records transactions at the same time they occur even if no money changes hands at the time |
Assets | Anything of value that a business owns |
Balance sheets | A financial summary with estimates as to when, where, and how much money will flow into and out of a business |
Capital investments decisions | Decisions that determine which projects a business will invest in, how the investment will be financed and whether to pay dividends to shareholders |
Credit | The arrangement by which businesses or individual can purchase now and pay later |
Expenditures | The monies that a business spends ;also called expenses |
Expenses | The monies that a business spends; also called expenditures |
Finance | In business, the function that involves all money and money management matters |
Financial accounting | A type of accounting that involves preparing and reporting financial data to external users who are no directly involved in business operations |
Financial statement | A summary of accounting information |
Income | Money received by a business or an individual from outside sources |
Income statements | A financial summary that shows how much money the business has made or has lost: also called the profit-and-loss statement |
Investors | Those who invest their funds in a business: may be owners or stockholders |
Journal | A special book or computer program in which a business's transactions are recorded in the order in which they occur |
Ledger | The accounting record for a specific department or area of the business |
Liabilities | Debts that the business owes |
Managerial accounting | A type of accounting that involves preparing and reporting financial data to internal users, usually managers, who need financial information to control day-to-day operations and to make financial decisions and plan affecting the business |
Net worth | The total value of the business |
Owner's equity | The amount an owner has invested in the business plus or minus profits and losses |
Transactions | A business activity such as a sale a purchase or a return |
Trial balance | The listing of a business different accounts and their current balances; used to check the accuracy of journal and ledger entries |